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The multiregional matrix growth operator and the stable interregional age structure

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Demography

Resumen

Esfuerzos corrientes de predicción de población generalmente adoptan variantes secundarias del método de proyección de cohorte supervivencia. Esta técnica se enfoca sobre una población disgregada en cohortes, un grupo de gente que tiene una o más características comunes en un punto dado en el tiempo, y por la sujeción de cada cohorte a clase específica de tasa de fecundidad, mortalidad y migración neta, genera una distribución de sobrevivientes y descendientes de la población original, a iniervalos sucesiooe de tiempo.

Aunque el méuxio de cohorte supervivencia se toma sobreun gran número de variaciones, todas elias son esencialmente tendencias bases, dinámicos modelos espaciales de crecimiento. El elemento temporal es introducido por una extructura recursiva que opera sobre una secuencia de intervalos de unidad de tiempo. La dimensión especial; cuando es incluída, típicamente es acomodada por réplica del análisis sobre tantas unidades areales que abarque el esiudio del área. Realísiicametue, sinembargo, tiempo y espacio necesitan ser considerados en conjunto con los modelos proyectados de población. La necesidad por modelos interregionales que eistemáticamente introducen movimientos lugar a lugar y simultaneamente consideran tanto lo espacial como el caracter temporal de los procesos de población interrelacionada están llegando a aumentar aparentemente.

Recientemenie varios demógrafos han aprovechado la elegancia conceptual y la simplicidad de cómputo de los método de la matriz de análieie de población. Sue modelos, sinembargo, suponen una población “cerrada” que está sujeta solamente a los procesos de fecundidad y mortalidad. Estoe, entoncés, no son directamente aplicables a sistemas interregionales “abiertos” en los que la miqraciós mas que los nacimientos y las nuertes, es frecuentemente una variable y contribuidor importante en los cambios de población. Sinembargo, una extensión natural del modele de matriz demoqráfica permiie incorporar lugar a lugar la migración y prooee un modelo de proyección de poblacion interreqional integrado que fácilmente puede ser programado por cualquiera de los modelos actuales de computadores digitales. Tal modelo es esquematizado en esie trabajo.

Summary

Current population-forecasting efforts generally adopt minor variants of the cohort-survival projection method. This technique focuses on a population disaggregated into cohorts, a group of people having one or more common characteristics at a point in time and, by subjecting each cohort to class-specific rates of fertility, mortality, and net migration, generates a distribution of survivors and descendants of the original population, at successive intervals of time.

Although cohort-survival methods take on a large number of variations, they all are essentially trend-based, dynamic, aspatial models of growth. The temporal element is introduced by a recursive structure which operates over a sequence of unit time intervals. The spatial dimension, when it is included at all, typically is accommodated by replicating the analysis over as many areal units as comprise the study area. Realistically, however, time and space need to be considered jointly in population-forecasting models. The need for interregional models which systematically introduce place-to-place movements and simultaneously consider the spatial as well as the temporal character of interrelated population processes is becoming increasingly apparent.

Recently several demographers have taken advantage of the conceptual elegance and computational simplicity of matrix methods of population analysis. Their models, however, assume a “closed” population which is subject only to the processes of fertility and mortality. These, therefore, are not directly applicable to interregional “open” systems in which migration is frequently a much more variable and important contributor to population change than births or deaths. However, a natural extension of the demographer's matrix model allows one to incorporate place-to-place migration and provides an integrated interregional population-forecasting model which easily may be programmed for any of the current generation of digital computers. Such a model is outlined in this paper.

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References

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Rogers, A. The multiregional matrix growth operator and the stable interregional age structure. Demography 3, 537–544 (1966). https://doi.org/10.2307/2060178

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2060178

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