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Decorative forms of hamsters of the genus Phodopus (Mammalia, Cricetinae): Analysis of genetic lines distribution and features of hair changes

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Abstract

Using a molecular genetic marker (combined sequences of the cytochrome b gene and mtDNA control region), the maternal species of the genus Phodopus were identified, which served as the starting material for the creation of artificial populations of these domesticated species, including their colored forms, in many countries around the world. The animals were purchased at pet stores in Europe, Southeast Asia, and North America and included 9 Ph. campbelli specimen (seven haplotypes), 17 Ph. sungorus animals (six haplotypes), and 5 Ph. roborovskii (one haplotype). The mtDNA sequences obtained were compared with 63 haplotypes of Ph. campbelli, 26 of Ph. sungorus, and 26 of Ph. roborovskii, which are known in natural populations. It is shown that all colored Ph. campbelli were obtained from breeding wild animals of the Western haplogroup. Haplotypes of hamsters from different areas of Tuva are closest to haplotypes of colored animals. The colored Ph. sungorus are divided into two groups. The animals that were obtained from the specimen of the isolate in the Minusinsk Basin are kept in Moscow and St. Petersburg. The animals that originate from the ancestors of the Karasuk District of the Novosibirsk Oblast are kept in the countries of Europe and South East Asia. The colored Ph. roborovskii are the descendants of the animals from the Zaisan Basin, and their haplotypes match the haplotype of one of the animals that we caught in the wild. The colored hamsters, unlike hamsters with natural color, have a disturbed normal state of hair. This is evidenced by its dimness, shagginess, and felt character, as well as the changing the ratio between the different categories of hair and their size characteristics, the deformation of the shaft until bending at the right angle and splitting of the upper parts, the cracking of the cuticle, the changing configuration and location of the medulla, and the uneven development of the cortex. It is assumed that these destructive changes are associated with the genetic characteristics of the colored forms.

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  1. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 33, Moscow, 119071, Russia

    N. Yu. Feoktistova, O. F. Chernova & I. G. Meshcherskii

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  1. N. Yu. Feoktistova
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  2. O. F. Chernova
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  3. I. G. Meshcherskii
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Correspondence to N. Yu. Feoktistova.

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Original Russian Text © N.Yu. Feoktistova, O.F. Chernova, I.G. Meshcherskii, 2012, published in Zhurnal Obshchei Biologii, 2012, Vol. 73, No. 2, pp. 138–154.

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Feoktistova, N.Y., Chernova, O.F. & Meshcherskii, I.G. Decorative forms of hamsters of the genus Phodopus (Mammalia, Cricetinae): Analysis of genetic lines distribution and features of hair changes. Biol Bull Rev 3, 57–72 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079086413010039

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