Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Variability of the planetary nebula NGC 6572 and its central star during the interval covered by optical observations

  • Published:
Astronomy Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Estimates of relative line intensities available in the literature and integrated Hβ fluxes of the planetary nebula NGC 6572 during the time covered by optical observations (1938–2013) are compared to search for possible variations. Line intensities measured from observations obtained at the Crimean Station of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute in 2013 are presented, as well as previously unpublished photographic spectroscopic data obtained 1972–2005. Our analysis of all the available data shows that the line intensities do not vary within the observational uncertainties, with the possible exception of the [OIII] 4959 and 5007 Å lines, which show a tendency for their intensity increase with time. This can be interpreted as a manifestation of a temperature increase of the central star, or radial stratification of the [OIII] emission in the nebula, with the latter explanation being less probable. However, stratification is clearly visible in the [OII] and [NII] line intensities. The integrated Hβ flux is most probably constant at F(Hβ) = (1.50 ± 0.03) × 10−10 erg cm−2 s−1. A refined estimate of the interstellar extinction toward NGC 6572 has been obtained from radio and optical data, c(Hβ) = 0.42 ± 0.03. The MAST spectroscopy data were used to derive the central star’s UBV magnitudes in 2004. Integrated photoelectric UBV observations of the nebula and central star for 1971–2005 are presented.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. L. Aller and W. Liller, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 132, 337 (1966).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. B. A. Vorontsov-Vel’yaminov, Sov. Astron. 5, 186 (1961).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. L. Kohoutek, Bull. Astron. Inst. Czechosl. 17, 318 (1966).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. R. Tylenda, A. Acker, and B. Stenholm, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 102, 595 (1993).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. L. Kohoutek, Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae (Hamburger Sternwarte, Hamburg-Bergedorf, 2001), p. 31.

    Google Scholar 

  6. W. H. Wright, Publ. Am. Astron. Soc. 3, 104 (1918).

    Google Scholar 

  7. D. Koelbloed, in Planetary Nebulae, Ed. by D. E. Osterbrock and C. R. O’Dell (Reidel, Dordrecht, 1968), p. 376.

  8. H. Zanstra, Z. Astrophys. 2, 1 (1931).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. L. Aller, Astrophys. J. 93, 236 (1941).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. L. Aller and J. B. Kaler, Astrophys. J. 140, 621 (1964).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. J. B. Kaler and L. Aller, Astrophys. J. 157, 1231 (1969).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. L. Aller and M. F. Walker, Astrophys. J. 161, 917 (1970).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. J. B. Kaler, Astrophys. J. 173, 601 (1972).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Peimbert and S. Torres-Peimbert, Bol. Observ. Tonanzintla Tacubaya 6, 21 (1971).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. L. Kohoutek and W. Martin, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 44, 325 (1981).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. R. H. Mendez, A. Manchado, and A. Herrero, Astron. Astrophys. 207, L5 (1988).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. W. Feibelman, L. Aller, and S. Hyung, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacif. 104, 339 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. S. Hyung, L. Aller, and W. Feibelman, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 269, 975 (1994).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. Y. Liu, X. W. Liu, S.-G. Luo, and M. J. Barlow, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 353, 1231 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. E. B. Kostyakova, Astron. Tsirk., No. 1430 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  21. E. B. Kostyakova, Sov. Astron. Lett. 16, 465 (1990).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. V. P. Arkhipova, E. B. Kostyakova, and R. I. Noskova, Astron. Lett. 20, 99 (1994).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. L. H. Aller and S. J. Czysak, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 62, 397 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  24. A. Acker, F. Ochsenbein, B. Stenholm, R. Tylenda, J. Marcout, and C. Schohn, Strasbourg-ESO Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae, pt. II (ESO, Garching, 1992), p. 166.

    Google Scholar 

  25. K. B. Kwitter and R. B. Henry, Astrophys. J. 562, 864 (2001).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. W. Liller and L. Aller, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 49, 675 (1963).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. E. R. Capriotti and C. T. Daub, Astrophys. J. 132, 677 (1960).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  28. J. B. Kaler, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 31, 517 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. C. R. O’Dell, private commun. (see J. B. Kaler, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 31, 517 (1976)).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. D. E. Osterbrock, E. R. Capriotti, and L. P. Bautz, Astrophys. J. 138, 620 (1963).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. J. B. Kaler, Astrophys. J. 264, 594 (1983).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. M. V. F. Copetti, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacif. 102, 77 (1990).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. D. Frey, J. S. Bojicic, and Q. A. Parker, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 431, 2 (2013).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. B. A. Vorontsov-Vel’yaminov, E. B. Kostyakova, O. D. Dokuchaeva, and V. P. Arkhipova, Sov. Astron. 8, 196 (1964).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. B. A. Vorontsov-Vel’yaminov, E. B. Kostyakova, O. D. Dokuchaeva, and V. P. Arkhipova, Sov. Astron. 9, 364 (1965).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. B. A. Vorontsov-Vel’yaminov, E. B. Kostyakova, O. D. Dokuchaeva, and V. P. Arkhipova, Sov. Astron. 9, 564 (1965).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. I. N. Glushneva, V. T. Doroshenko, T. S. Fetisova, T. S. Khruzina, E. A. Kolotilov, L.V. Mossakovskaya, S. L. Ovchinnikov, and I. B. Voloshina, Sternberg Spectrophotometric Catalog, VizieR Online Data Catalog: III/208 (1998).

    Google Scholar 

  38. B. L. Erukhimov, Soobshch. Spets. Astrofiz. Observ. 59, 18 (1988).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. A. Y. Kniazev, S. A. Pustilnik, E. K. Grebel, H. Lee, and A. G. Pramskij, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 153, 429 (2004).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. M. A. Burlak and A. Yu. Knyazev, Astron. Lett. 39, 703 (2013).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  41. R. A. Shaw and R. J. Dufour, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacif. 107, 896 (1995).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  42. W. Liller, Astrophys. J. 122, 240 (1955).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. L. Perek, Bull. Astron. Inst. Czechosl. 22, 103 (1971).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  44. J. A. de Freitas-Pacheco, S. J. Codina, and L. Viadana, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 220, 107 (1986).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  45. R. A. Shaw and J. B. Kaler, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 69, 495 (1989).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. D. S. Hayes and D. W. Latham, Astrophys. J. 197, 593 (1975).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  47. V. M. Lyutyi, Soobshch. Gos. Astron. Inst. Shternberga 172, 30 (1971) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  48. V. Straizys, Multicolor Stellar Photometry (Pachart, Tucson, 1992; Mokslas, Vil’nyus, 1977).

    Google Scholar 

  49. C. Quireza, H. J. Rocha-Pinto, and W. J. Maciel, Astron. Astrophys. 475, 217 (2007).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. S. K. Gorny, R. Tylenda, and G. Stasińska, Acta Astron. 43, 371 (1993).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  51. C. Y. Zhang and S. Kwok, Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 88, 137 (1993).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. Yu. F. Mal’kov, Astron.Rep. 41, 760 (1997).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  53. G. Stasińska, S. K. Gorny, and R. Tylenda, Astron. Astrophys. 327, 736 (1997).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. J. O. Gasetta and W. J. Maciel, Rev. Mex. Astron. Astrofis. 36, 3 (2000).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  55. R. H. Mendez, A. Herrero, and A. Manchado, Astron. Astrophys. 229, 152 (1990).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  56. A. Hajian, Y. Terzian, and C. Bignell, Astron. J. 109, 2600 (1995).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  57. J. Kawamura and C. Masson, Astrophys. J. 461, 282 (1996).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  58. R. Tylenda, A. Acker, and B. Stenholm, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 89, 77 (1991).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  59. D. Schönberner, in Planetary Nebulae, Ed. by S. Torres-Peimbert (Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1989), p. 463.

  60. T. Blöcker, Astron. Astrophys. 299, 755 (1995).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  61. F. Herwig, B. Freytag, and K. Werner, in Planetary Nebulae in Our Galaxy and Beyond, Ed. by M. J. Barlow and R. H. Mendez (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006), p. 103.

  62. W. Martin, Astron. Astrophys. 98, 328 (1981).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  63. R. Gathier and S. R. Pottasch, Astron. Astrophys. 197, 266 (1988).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  64. R. Gruenwald and A. Aleman, Astron. Astrophys. 461, 1019 (2007).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  65. D. K. Milne and L. Aller, Astron. Astrophys. 38, 183 (1975).

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  66. J. P. Basart and C. T. Daub, Astrophys. J. 317, 412 (1987).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Universitetskii pr. 13, Moscow, 119992, Russia

    V. P. Arkhipova, E. B. Kostyakova, M. A. Burlak, V. F. Esipov & N. P. Ikonnikova

Authors
  1. V. P. Arkhipova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. E. B. Kostyakova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. A. Burlak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. V. F. Esipov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. N. P. Ikonnikova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to V. P. Arkhipova.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © V.P. Arkhipova, E.B. Kostyakova, M.A. Burlak, V.F. Esipov, N.P. Ikonnikova, 2014, published in Astronomicheskii Zhurnal, 2014, Vol. 91, No. 10, pp. 800–814.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Arkhipova, V.P., Kostyakova, E.B., Burlak, M.A. et al. Variability of the planetary nebula NGC 6572 and its central star during the interval covered by optical observations. Astron. Rep. 58, 702–715 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063772914100023

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063772914100023

Keywords

Search

Navigation