Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Isotope age of boundaries between the general stratigraphic subdivisions of the Upper Proterozoic (Riphean and Vendian) in Russia: The evolution of opinions and the current estimate

  • Published:
Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The evolution of opinions about the isotope age of the general stratigraphic subdivisions of the Upper Proterozoic in Russia (Lower, Middle, Upper Riphean and Vendian) during the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century is considered, and the current data on the age of these subdivisions are analyzed in detail. It is shown that the isotope age of the lower boundaries of the Lower, Middle, and Upper Riphean and Vendian should be estimated at 1750 ± 50, 1400, 1030, and 640 ± 5 Ma, respectively. The role of the historical–geological criteria in the substantiation of these boundaries is studied.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ablizin, B.D., Klyuzhina, M.L., Kurbatskaya, F.A., and Kurbatskii, A.M., Verkhnii rifei i vend zapadnogo sklona Srednego Urala (Upper Riphean and Vendian on the Western Slope of the Middle Urals), Moscow: Nauka, 1982 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  • Aksenov, E.M., Keller, B.M., Sokolov, B.S., et al., General stratigraphic scheme of the Upper Precambrian of the Russian Platform, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol., 1978, no. 12, pp. 17–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amelin, Yu.V., Heaman, L.M., Verchogliad, V.M., and Skobelev, V.M., Geochronological constraints on the emplacement history of the anorthosite-rapakivi granite suite: U-Pb zircon and baddeleyite study of the Korosten Complex, Ukraine, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1994, vol. 116, pp. 411–419.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bartley, J.K., Semikhatov, M.A., Kaufman, A.J., et al., Global events across the Mesoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic boundary: Cand Srisotopic evidence from Siberia, Precambrian Res., 2001, vol. 111, nos. 1–4, pp. 165–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Belyaev, A.M., Neymark, L.A., Shebanov, A.D., and Larin, A.M., Age and origin of mafic xenoliths from rapakivi granites of the Berdyaush massif (S. Urals, Russia), in Proc. 7th Int. Symp. on Rapakivi Granites and Related Rocks, Helsinki, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  • Benus, A.P., Sedimentological context of a deep-water Ediacaran fauna (mistaken point formation Avalon Zone, Eastern Newfoundland, New York State Mus. Bull., 1988, no. 463, pp. 8–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Calver, C.H., Crowley, J.L., Wingate, M.T.D., et al., Globally synchronous Marinoan deglaciation indicated by U—Pb geochronology of the Cottons Breccia, Tasmania, Australia, Geology, 2013, vol. 41, pp. 1127–1130.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chumakov, N.M., Vendian glaciation in Europe and North Atlantic (Upper Precambrian), Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1971, vol. 198, no. 2, pp. 419–422.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chumakov, N.M., Late Proterozoic African glacial era, Stratigr. Geol. Correl., 2011, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 1–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Compston, W., Time points within the Vendian by one microprobe, U.S. Geol. Serv., 1994, Circ. 1607.

    Google Scholar 

  • Compston, W. and Sambridge, M.S., Reinfrank, R.F., et al., Numerical ages of volcanic rocks and the earliest faunal zone within the Late Precambrian of East Poland, J. Geol. Soc. London, 1995, vol. 152, pp. 599–611.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dopolneniya k stratigraficheskomu kodeksu Rossii. Utochnenie otsenok izotopnogo vozrasta nizhnikh granits verkhnego rifeya, venda, verkhnego venda i kembriya (Supplementation to the Stratigraphic Code of Russia. Clarification of Isotope Ages of Lower boundaries of Upper Riphean, Vendian, Upper Vendian), St. Petersburg: VSEGEI, 2000 [in Russian].

  • Ernst, R.E., Pease, V., Puchkov, V.N., et al., Geochemical characterization of Precambrian magmatic suites of the southeastern margin of the East European Craton, Southern Urals, Russia, Geol. Sb. no. 5, Ufa: IG USC RAS, 2006, pp. 191–161.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farmer, C.H., Vidal, G., Moczydlowska, M., et al., Ediacaran fossils from the Innerelv member (Late Proterozoic) of the Tanafjorden area, Northern Finnmark, Geol. Mag., 1992, vol. 129, pp. 181–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Geokhronologiya dokembriya Sibirskoi platformy i ee skladchatogo obramleniya (Precambrian Geochronology of the Siberian Platform and its Folded Framing), Leningrad: Nauka, 1968 [in Russian].

  • Gorokhov, I.M. and Semikhatov, M.A., Behavior of Rb and Sr during sedimentation processes. Communication 2: Behavior of Rb and Sr at diagenesis, catagenesis, and early metamorphism, Litol. Polezn. Iskop., 1984, no. 2, pp. 87–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorokhov, I.M., Roberts, D., Sedletskaya, A., et al., The Rb-Sr geochronology of Neoproterozoic argillites of the Varanger Peninsula, North Norway, in Osadochnye formatsii dokembriya i ikh rudonosnost'. Tez dokl (Proc. Conf. “Precambrian Sedimentary Formations and their Ore Potential”), St. Petersburg: IGGD RAN, 1998, pp. 18–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorokhov, I.M., Siedllecka, A., Roberts, D., et al., Rb-Sr dating of diagenetic illite in Neoproterozoic shales, Varanger Peninsula, Northern Norway, Geol. Mag., 2001, vol. 138, pp. 541–562.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorokhov, I.M., Semikhatov, M.A., and Mel’nikov, N.N., Once more about the Rb-Sr isochron method of dating the sedimentary rocks, Stratigr. Geol. Correl., 2003, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 642–652.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grazhdankin, D.V., Patterns of evolution of the Ediacaran soft-bodied biota, J. Paleontol., 2014, vol. 88, no. 2, pp. 269–283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grazhdankin, D.V. and Maslov, A.V., The room for the Vendian in the International Chronostratigraphic Chart, Russ. Geol. Geophys., 2015, vol. 56, pp. 549–559.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gur’yanov, V.A., Geologiya i metallogeniya Ulkanskogo raiona (Aldano-Stanovoi shchit) (Geology and Metallogeny of the Ulkan Area (Aldan-Stanovoy Shield), Vladivostok: Dal’nauka, 2007 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  • Harland, W.B., Armstrong, R.L., Cox, A.V., et al., A Geologic Time Scale 1989, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press., 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  • He, J.W., Zhu, W.B., and Ge, R.F., New age constraints on Neoproterozoic diamictites in Kuruktag, NW China and Precambrian crustal evolution of the Tarim Craton, Precambrian Res., 2014, vol. 241, pp. 44–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hermann, T.N., Organicheskii mir milliard let nazad (Organic World One Billion Years Ago), Leningrad: Nauka, 1990 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman, P.F. and Li, Z.-X., A palaeogeographic context for Neoproterozoic glaciation, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 2009, vol. 277, pp. 158–172.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Karsakov, L.P., Gur’yanov, V.A., Goroshko, M.A., and Osipov, A.L., Stratigraphy of Lower Horizons in the Siberian Hypostratotype of the Riphean, in Geologiya i poleznye iskopaemye Priamur’ya (Geology and Mineral Resources of the Amur Region), Khabarovsk: Magellan, 1999, pp. 38–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karsakov, L.P., Gur’yanov, V.A., and Goroshko, M.A., Stratigraphy of Lower Horizons in the Siberian Hypostratotype of the Riphean (the southeastern Siberian Platform), Stratigr. Geol. Correl., 2002, vol. 10, pp. 42–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kazakov, G.A. and Knorre, G.K., Upper Precambrian geochronology of the Uchur-Maya area of the Siberian Platform, in Geologo-radiologicheskaya interpretatsiya neskhodyashchikhsya znachenii vozrasta (Geological and Geochronological Interpretation of Divergent Ages), Moscow: Nauka, 1973, pp. 192–205.

    Google Scholar 

  • Keller, B.M., Riphean deposits of the foredeeps of the Russian Platform, Tr. IGN Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1952, no. 109.

  • Keller, B.M. and Semikhatov, M.A., Isotope geochronology for the Vendian of the USSR, in The Vendian system. Vol. 2. Regional Geology, Sokolov, B.S. and Fedonkin, M.A., Eds., Verlag, 1990, pp. 189–190.

  • Knoll, A.H. and Semikhatov, M.A., The genesis and time distribution of two distinctive Proterozoic stromatolite microstructures, Palaios, 1998, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 408–422.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kozlov, V.I. and Gorozhanin, V.M., To the problem of recognizing the Bakeevo Formation and age of basal beds in the Asha Group of the Southern Urals, in Verkhnii dokembrii Yuzhnogo Urala i vostoka Russkoi plity (Upper Precambrian of the Southern Urals and the Eastern Russian Plate), Ufa, 1993, pp. 14–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krasnobaev, A.A., Stepanov, A.I., Ronkin, Yu.D., and Lepekhina, O.V., The age of granitoids of the Troitsk massif and the Upper Precambrian boundary in the Urals, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol., 1984, no. 11, pp. 128–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krasnobaev, A.A., Bibikova, E.V., Stepanov, A.I., et al., The age of effusives of the Mashak Formation and the problem of the of isotope-geochronological boundary of the LowerMiddle Riphean, in Izotopnoe datirovanie protsessov vulkanizma i osadkoobrazovaniya (Isotope Dating of Volcanic Processes and Sedimentation), Moscow: Nauka, 1985, pp. 118–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krasnobaev, A.A., Bibikova, E.V., Ronkin, Yu.L., and Kozakov, V.N., Geochronology of volcanites of the Ai Formation and isotopic age of the Riphean lower boundary, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol., 1992, no. 6, pp. 127–139.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krasnobaev, A.A., Kozlov, V.I., Puchkov, V.N., et al., Zirconology of iron quartzites of the Taratash Complex (Southern Urals), Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 2011, vol. 437, pp. 527–531.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krasnobaev, A.A., Kozlov, V.I., Puchkov, V.N., et al., Zirconology of Navysh Volcanic Rocks of the Ai Suite and the Problem of the Age of the Lower Riphean Boundary in the Southern Urals, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2013a, vol. 448, no. 2, pp. 185–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krasnobaev, A.A., Kozlov, V.I., Puchkov, V.N., et al., Zircon geochronology of the Mashak volcanic rocks and the problem of the age of the Lower-Middle Riphean boundary (Southern Urals), Stratigr. Geol. Correl., 2013b, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 465–481.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krogh, T.E., Strong, D.F., O’Brien, S.J., and Papizik, V.S., Precise U-Pb zircon dates from the Avalon Terrain, Newfoundland, Can. J. Earth Sci., 1988, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 442–453.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krylov, I.N., Stromatolity rifeya SSSR (Riphean Stromatolites of the USSR), Moscow: Nauka, 1975 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuznetsov, A.B., Ovchinnikova, G.A., Gorokhov, I.M., et al., Sr-Isotope signature and Pb–Pb age of the Bakal Formation limestones in the Lower Riphean type section, the Southern Urals, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2003, vol. 391, no. 6, pp. 819–822.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuznetsov, A.B., Ovchinnikova, G.V., Semikhatov, M.A., et al., The Sr isotopic characterization and Pb-Pb age of carbonate rocks from the Satka formation, the Lower Riphean Burzyan Group of the Southern Urals, Stratigr. Geol. Correl., 2008, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 120–137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuznetsov, A.B., Semikhatov, M.A., and Gorokhov, I.M., The Sr isotope chemostratigraphy as a tool for solving stratigraphic problems of the Upper Proterozoic (Riphean and Vendian), Stratigr. Geol. Correl., 2014, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 553–575.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Larin, A.M., Amelin, Yu.V., Neymark, L.A., and Krymsky, R.Sh., The origin of the 1.73–1.70 Ga anorogenic Ukan volcano-plutonic complex, Siberian Platform, Russia: inferences from geochronological and Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic data, Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 1997, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 295–312.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larin, A.M., Kotov, A.B., Velikoslavinskii, S.D., et al., Early Precambrian A-granitoids in the Aldan Shield and adjacent mobile belts: sources and geodynamic environments, Petrology, 2012, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 218–239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Larin, A.M., Kotov, A.B., Sal’nikova, E.B., et al., Age and tectonic position of the Ulkan Group, the stratotype of the Upper Karelian in Eastern Siberia and the Far East, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2013, vol. 449, no. 2, pp. 375–379.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Larin, A.M., Ulkan-Dzhugdzhur ore-bearing anorthositerapakivi granite-peralkaline granite association, Siberian Craton: Age, tectonic setting, sources, and metallogeny, Geol. Ore Deposits, 2014, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 257–280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martin, M.W., Grazhdankin, D.V., Bowring, S.A., et al., Age of Neoproterozoic bilaterian body and trace fossils, White Sea, Russia: implications for metazoan evolution, Science, 2000, vol. 288, pp. 841–845.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maslov, A.V., Meert, J.G., Levasheva, N.M., et al., New Constraints for the Age of Vendian Glacial Deposits (Middle Urals), Dokl. Earth Sci., 2013, vol. 449, no. 1, pp. 303–308.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Neymark, L.A., Larin, A.M., Ovchinnikova, G.V., and Yakovleva, S.Z., The U-Pb age of Dzhugdzhur anorthosites, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 1992, vol. 323, no. 3, pp. 541–518.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ovchinnikova, G.V., Semikhatov, M.A., Gorokhov, I.M., et al., U-Pb systematics of pre-Cambrian carbonates: The Riphean Sukhaya Tunguska Formation in the Turukhansk Uplift, Siberia, Lithol. Miner. Resour., 1995, no. 5, pp. 525–536.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ovchinnikova, G.V., Semikhatov, M.A., Vasil’eva, I.M., et al., Pb-Pb age of limestones of the Middle Riphean Malga Formation, the Uchur-Maya region of East Siberia, Stratigr. Geol. Correl., 2001, vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 527–540.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plumb, K.A., New Precambrian time scale, Episodes, 1991, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 139–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Polevaya, N.I., Kazakov, G.A., and Murina, T.A., Glauconites as an indicator of geologic time, Geokhimiya, 1960, no. 1, pp. 3–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Polevaya, N.I. and Kazakov, G.A., Age differentiation and correlation of ancient?“fossil-free” deposits according to the 40Ar/40K in glauconites, in Tr. Lab. Geol. Dokembriya AN SSSR (Lab. Precambrian Geol. Akad. Nauk USSR), Leningrad: Izd-vo. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1961, pp. 103–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Preiss, W.E., The Adelaide geosyncline of South Australia and its significance in Neoproterozoic continental reconstruction, Precambrian Res., 2000, vol. 100, pp. 21–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pringle, I.R., Rb–Sr age determination of shales associated with the Varanger ice age, Geol. Mag., 1973, vol. 109, no. 6, pp. 465–472.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Puchkov, V.N., Bogdanova, S.V., Ernst, R., et al., The ca. 1380 Ma Mashak igneous event of the Southern Urals, Lithos, 2013, pp. 109–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2012.08.021

    Google Scholar 

  • Puchkov, V.N., Krasnobaev, A.A., and Sergeeva, N.D., The new data on stratigraphy of the Riphean stratotype, in Obshch. stratigr. shkala Rossii: sostoyanie i problemy obustroistva. Vseross. konf., Moskva, 23-25 maya 2013 g. Sb. statei (Proc. All-Russ. Conf. “Unified Stratigraphic Chart of Russia: State and Problems of Development”, Moscow, May 23–25, 2013), Moscow, 2013, pp. 70–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rämö, O.T. and Haapala, I., One hundred years of rapakivi granite, Mineral. Petrol., 1995, vol. 52, pp. 129–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rice, A.H., Edwards, M.B., Hansen, T.A., et al., Glaciogenic rocks of the Neoproterozoic Smalfjord and Mortensnes formations, Vestertana Group, E. Finnmark, Norway, in The Geological Record of Neoproterozoic Glaciations, Arnaud, E., Halverson, G.P., and Shields-Zhou, G., Eds., Geol. Soc. London. Mem., 2011, no. 36, pp. 593–602.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rieu, R., Allen, P.A., Cozzi, A., et al., A composite stratigraphy for the Neoproterozoic Huqf Supergroup of Oman: integrating new litho-, chemoand chronostratigraphic data of the Mirbat area, Southern Oman, J. Geol. Soc. London, 2007, vol. 164.

  • Roberts, D., Gorokhov, I.M., Siedlecka, A., et al., Rb-Sr dating of illite fractions from Neoproterozoic shales on Varanger Peninsula, North Norway, Norges Geol. Undersokelse, 1997, vol. 443, pp. 24–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ronkin, Yu.L., Grazhdankin, D.V., Maslov, A.V., et al., U—Pb (SHRIMP II) age of zircons from ash beds of the Chernokamen Formation, Vendian Sylvitsa group (Central Urals), Dokl. Earth Sci., 2006, vol. 411, no. 2, pp. 1341–1345.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ronkin, Yu.L., Maslov, A.V., Kazak, A.P., et al., The Lower-Middle Riphean boundary in the southern Urals: new isotopic U-Pb (SHRIMP II) constraints, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2007, vol. 415, no. 2, pp. 835–840.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Semikhatov, M.A. and Serebryakov, S.N., Sibirskii gipostratotip rifeya (The Siberian hypostratotype of the Riphean), Moscow: Nauka, 1983 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  • Semikhatov, M.A. and Shurkin, K.A., The ways to improve the Precambrian stratigraphic scale of the USSR, Sov. Geol., 1986, no. 11, pp. 159–182.

    Google Scholar 

  • Semikhatov, M.A., Shurkin, K.A., Aksenov, E.M., et al., A new stratigraphic scale for the Precambrian of the USSR, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol., 1991, no. 4, pp. 3–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Semikhatov, M.A., Ovchinnikova, G.V., Gorokhov, I.M., et al., Isotope age of the Middle-Upper Riphean boundary: Pb-Pb geochronology of the Lakhanda Group carbonates, Eastern Siberia, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2000, vol. 372, no. 4, pp. 625–629.

    Google Scholar 

  • Semikhatov, M.A., Kuznetsov, A.B., Gorokhov, I.M., et al., Low 87Sr/86Sr ratios in seawater of the Grenville and postGrenville time: determining factors, Stratigr. Geol. Correl., 2002, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Semikhatov, M.A., Chronostratigraphy and chronometry: competing conceptions of the general subdivision of the Precambrian, Byull. Mosk. O–va Ispyt. Prir., Otd. Geol., 2008, vol. 83, no. 5, pp. 36–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Semikhatov, M.A., Kuznetsov, A.B., Maslov, A.V., et al., Stratotype of the Lower Riphean, the Burzyan Group of the Southern Urals: lithostratigraphy, paleontology, geochronology, Srand C-isotopic characteristics of its carbonate rocks, Stratigr. Geol. Correl., 2009, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 574–601.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sergeev, V.N., Okremnennye mikrofossilii dokembriya: priroda, klassifikatsiya i biostratigraficheskoe znachenie (Silicified Microfossils of the Precambrian: Nature, Classification, and Biostratigraphic Significance), Moscow: GEOS, 2006 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  • Sergeev, V.N., Semikhatov, M.A., Fedonkin, M.A., and Vorob’eva, N.G., Principal stages in evolution of Precambrian organic world. Communication 2. The Late Proterozoic, Stratigr. Geol. Correl., 2010, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 561–592.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shcherbak, N.P. and Ponomarenko, A.N., Age succession of volcanism and granitoid magmatism processes in the Ukrainian Shield, Miner. Zh., 2000, vol. 22, no. 2/3, pp. 12–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sokolov, B.S., Ocherki stanovleniya venda (Studies of the Vendian Recognition), Moscow: KMK Sci. Press, 1997 [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  • Stratotip rifeya. Paleontologiya. Paleomagnetizm (Stratotype of the Riphean: Paleontology, Paleomagnetism), Moscow: Nauka, 1982 [in Russian].

  • Stratotip rifeya. Stratigrafiya. Geokhronologiya (Stratotype of the Riphean: Stratigraphy, Geochronology), Moscow: Nauka, 1983 [in Russian].

  • Sturt, B.A., Pringle, I.B., and Roberts, D., Caledonian nappe sequences of Finnmark, Northern Norway, and the timing of the orogenic deformation and metamorphism, Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., 1975, vol. 86, pp. 710–718.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Veis, A.F., Microfossils of the Riphean and Vendian from the Uchur-Maya and Turukhansk Regions of Siberia, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol., 1988, no. 5, pp. 47–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veis, A.F., Kozlova, E.V., and Vorob’eva, N.G., Organicwalled microfossils from the Riphean type section (Southern Urals), Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Geol., 1990, no. 9, pp. 20–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veis, A.F. and Vorob’eva, N.G., New data on the composition of the Upper Riphean Derevnya microbiota (Turukhansk Region, Siberia), Dokl. Earth Sci., 1996, vol. 349, no. 4, pp. 906–910.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veis, A.F. and Vorob’eva, N.G., New data on the composition and stratigraphic significance of the Miroedikha microbiota from the Turukhansk Area, Siberia, Dokl. Earth Sci., 1998, vol. 359, no. 2, pp. 174–178.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veis, A.F. and Vorob’eva, N.G., Microfossils from the Riphean Hypostratotype of Siberia (the Omakhta, Kandyk, and Ust’-Kirba Microbiotas), Stratigr. Geol. Correl., 2002, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 125–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vidal, G., Micropalaeontology and biostratigraphy of the Upper Proterozoic and Lower Cambrian sequence in East Finnmark, Northern Norway, Norges Geol. Undersokelse, 1981, vol. 362, p. 53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, G.E., Gostin, V.A., McKirdy, D.M., and Preiss, W.E., The Elatina glaciation, Late Criogenian (Marinoan Epoch), South Australia: sedimentary facies and palaeoenvironments, Precambrian Res., 2008, vol. 163, pp. 307–331.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaitseva, T.S., Kuznetsov, A.B., Gorokhov, I.M., et al., Globular phyllosilicates of the Vendian Bakeevo Formation, the South Urals–crystallochemical and Rb-Sr isotopic data, in Mat. Vtoroi Mezhd. Konf. “Gliny i glinistye mineraly i sloistye materially” (Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. Clays, Clay Minerals, and Layered Materials. CMLM 2013), St. Petersburg: Falkon Print, 2013, pp. 79–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaitseva, T.S., Semikhatov, M.A., Gorokhov, I.M., et al., Evaluation of stratigraphic significance of Rb-Sr and K-Ar ages of globular layered silicates: crystallochemical features and the characteristics of isotope systems, in Obshch. Stratigr. shkala Rossii: sostoyanie i problemy obustroistva. Vseross. konf., Moskva, 23-25 maya 2013 g. Sb. statei (Proc. All-Russ. Conf. “Unified Stratigraphic Chart of Russia: State and Problems of Development”, Moscow, May 23–25, 2013), Moscow, 2013, pp. 55–57.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyzhevskii per., 7, Moscow, 119017, Russia

    M. A. Semikhatov & N. M. Chumakov

  2. Institute of Precambrian Geology and Geochronology, Russian Academy of Sciences, nab. Makarova, 2, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia

    A. B. Kuznetsov

Authors
  1. M. A. Semikhatov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. B. Kuznetsov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. N. M. Chumakov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. A. Semikhatov.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © M.A. Semikhatov, A.B. Kuznetsov, N.M. Chumakov, 2015, published in Stratigrafiya. Geologicheskaya Korrelyatsiya, 2015, Vol. 23, No. 6, pp. 16–27.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Semikhatov, M.A., Kuznetsov, A.B. & Chumakov, N.M. Isotope age of boundaries between the general stratigraphic subdivisions of the Upper Proterozoic (Riphean and Vendian) in Russia: The evolution of opinions and the current estimate. Stratigr. Geol. Correl. 23, 568–579 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0869593815060088

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0869593815060088

Keywords

Search

Navigation