Abstract
Mathematical modeling of ultrasonic or mechanical separation of oil sand in an aqueous alkaline medium was performed. Kinetic dependences were obtained that adequately describe bitumen recovery based on the limiting role of chemical transformations or mass transfer. It was shown that the second model describes the process kinetics better. A comparison of the theoretical and experimental data allowed us to obtain empirical equations that relate the kinetic coefficients of the model to the characteristics of the heterogeneous mixture being separated and the main process parameters. Recommendations on the technological conditions of separation were given.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alberta Energy regulator ST98-2015: Alberta’s Energy Reserves 2014 and Supply Demand Outlook 2015–2024, 2015.
Abramov, O.V., Abramov, V.O., Myasnikov, S.K., and Mullakaev, M.S., Extraction of bitumen, crude oil and its products from tar sand and contaminated sandy soil under effect of ultrasound, Ultrason. Sonochem., 2009, vol. 16, no. 3, p. 408.
Masliyah, J., Czarnecki, J., and Xu, Z., Handbook on Theory and Practice of Bitumen Recovery from Athabasca Oil Sands, vol. 1: Theoretical Basis. Calgary: Kingsley, 2011.
Masliyah, J., Czarnecki, J., Xu, Z., and Dabros, M., Handbook on Theory and Practice of Bitumen Recovery from Athabasca Oil Sands, vol. 2: Industrial Practice. Calgary: Kingsley, 2013.
Long, J., Xu, Z., and Masliyah, J., Bitumen recovery from oil sands, in Encyclopedia of Surface and Colloid Science, Somasundaran, P., Ed., London: Taylor and Francis, 2009.
Schramm, L.L. and Mikula, R.J., Froth flotation of oil sand bitumen, in Foam Engineering: Fundamentals and Applications, Stevenson, P., Ed., New York: Wiley, 2012, p. 251.
Schramm, L.L., Emulsions, Foams, Suspensions, and Aerosols: Microscience and Applications, New York: Wiley, 2014, 2nd ed.
Harjai, S., Flury, C., Masliyah, J., Drelich, J., and Xu, Z., Robust aqueous-nonaqueous hybrid process for bitumen extraction from mineable Athabasca oil sands, Energy Fuels, 2012, vol. 26, no. 5, p. 2920.
Srinivasa, S., Flury, C., Afacan, A., Masliyah, J., and Xu, Z., Study of bitumen liberation from oil sands ores by on-line visualization, Energy Fuels, 2012, vol. 26, no. 5, p. 2881.
Ren, S., Masliyah, J., and Xu, Z., Studying bitumen–bubble interactions using atomic force microscopy, Colloids Surf., 2014, vol. 444, p. 165.
Flury, C., Afacan, A., Bakhtiari, T.M., Sjoblom, J., and Xu, Z., Effect of caustic type on bitumen extraction from Canadian oil sands, Energy Fuels, 2014, vol. 28, p. 431.
Schramm, L.L., Kramers, J.W., and Isaacs, E.E., Saskatchewan’s place in the Canadian oil sands, J. Can. Pet. Technol., 2010, vol. 49., no. 11, p. 12.
Woods, J.R., Kung, J., Kingston, D., McCracken, T., Kotlyar, L.S., Sparks, B.D., Mercier, P.H.J., Ng, S., and Moranm, K., The comparison of bitumens from oil sands with different recovery profiles, Pet. Sci. Technol., 2012, vol. 30, no. 22, p. 2285.
Woods, J., Sparks, B.D., Mercier, P.H.J., Kung, J., Moran, K., McCracken, T., Kingston, D., Ng, S., Patarachao, B., and Kotlyar, L.S., Colloidal clay gelation: Relevance to current oil sands operations, Pet. Sci. Technol., 2012, vol. 30, no. 9, p. 915.
Chaohe, F., Dewen, Z., Zhixin, G., Xiaolong, L., and Zhilong, H., The research progress of oil sand separation technology in China, Adv. Pet. Explor. Dev., 2012, vol. 4, no. 2, p. 63.
Han, D.Y., Cao, Z.B., and Xu, X.Q., An oil sand separation agent applied on an extraction of Xinjiang oil sand, Energy Sources, Part A: Recov., Utiliz., Environ. Effects, 2012, vol. 34, no. 18, p. 1704.
Zhibing, S., Juntao, Z., Jie, Z., and Shengrong, L., The caustic alkali-free water extraction agents for treating Inner Mongolia oil sands, China Pet. Process. Petrochem. Technol., 2014, vol. 16, no. 4, p. 65.
Bao, M. and Zhao, Y., Extraction technology of oil sands from Indonesia, J. Petrochem. Univ., 2012, vol. 25, p. 61.
Odebunmi, E.O. and Olaremu, A.G., Extraction of chemical constituents of bitumen using a mixed solvent system, Open J. Appl. Sci., 2015, vol. 5, p. 485.
Bukharin, N., Vinogradov, O., and Hugo, R., Investigation of cavitating jet effect on bitumen separation from oil sands, Pet. Sci. Technol., 2012, vol. 30, no. 13, p. 1317.
Bukharin, N. and Vinogradov, O., Investigation of the effect of slurry density on a bitumen separation process based on cavitating jets, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2012, vol. 51, no. 17, p. 6175.
Vinogradov, O., Hugo, R., Gu, P., and Bukharin, N., Canadian Patent 2717406, 2010.
Semagina, N. and Lange, C.F., How to design silent control experiments for ultrasound-assisted oil sands extraction and upgrading: A computational study, J. Pet. Sci. Eng., 2015, vol. 126, p. 83.
Okawa, H., Hosokawa, R., Saito, T., Nakamura, T., and Kawamura, Y., The use of ultrasound irradiation for extracting bitumen from oil sand at low temperature, Proc. Symp. Ultrasonic Electron., 2010, vol. 31, p. 373.
Ning, X., Wenxiang, W., Pingfang, H., and Xiaoping, L., Effects of ultrasound on oily sludge deoiling, J. Hazard. Mater., 2009, vol. 171, p. 914.
Pham, T.D., Shrestha, R.A., Virkutyte, J., and Sillanpaa, M., Recent studies in environmental applications of ultrasound, Can. J. Civil Eng., 2009, vol. 36, p. 1849.
Abramov, O.V., Abramov, V.O., Myasnikov, S.K., and Mullakaev, M.S., High power ultrasonic technologies for extracting oil products from oil-bearing sands and contaminated soils, Theor. Found. Chem. Eng., 2009, vol. 43, no. 4, p. 504.
Abramov, O.V., Abramov, V.O., Veksler, G.B., Kulov, N.N., Zabotina, E.V., Kashirskaya, O.A., Shkol’nikov, A.V., and Mullakaev, M.S., Ultrasonic activation of reagent purification of surface wastewaters from oil products, Theor. Found. Chem. Eng., 2009, vol. 43, no. 4, p. 568.
Keremetin, P.P., Parilov, P.S., Mullakaev, M.S., Veksler, G.B., Kruchinina, N.E., and Abramov, V.O., Determination of the technological parameters for the sonochemical purification of oily water, Theor. Found. Chem. Eng., 2011, vol. 45, no. 4, p. 568.
Fu, L., Zhang, G., Ge, J., and Liao, K., Dual-frequency ultrasound assisted oil-sands separation technology, J. Shenzhen Univ. Sci. Eng., 2014, vol. 31, no. 4, p. 436.
Okawa, H., Saito, T., Hosokawa, R., and Nakamura, T., Effects of different ultrasound irradiation frequencies and water temperatures on extraction rate of bitumen from oil sand, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 2010, vol. 49, no. 7, p. 12.
Mutyala, S., Fairbridge, C., Pare, J.R.J., Belange, J.M.R., Ng, S., and Hawkins, R., Microwave applications to oil sands and petroleum: A review, Fuel Process. Technol., 2010, vol. 91, p. 127.
Leonelli, C. and Mason, T.J., Microwave and ultrasonic processing: Now a realistic option for industry, Chem. Eng. Process., 2010, vol. 49, p. 885.
Rout, B., US Patent 0041369A1, 2015.
Zhang, J., Li, J., Thring, R.W., Hu, X., and Song, X., Oil recovery from refinery oily sludge via ultrasound and freeze/thaw, J. Hazard. Mater., 2012, vol. 203–204, p. 195.
Pulati, N., Lupinsky, A., Miller, B., and Painter, P., Extraction of bitumen from oil sands using deep eutectic ionic liquid analogues, Energy Fuels, 2015, vol. 29, no. 8, p. 4927.
Chong, J., Ng, S., Chung, K., Kotlyar, L.S., and Sparks, B.D., Impact of fines on warm extraction process using model oil sand, Oil Sand Process Water Workshop, Fort McMurray, Canada, 2001.
Chong, J., Ng, S., Chung, K.H., Kotlyar, L.S., and Sparks, B.D., Impact of fines content on a warm slurry extraction process using model oilsands, Fuel, 2003, vol. 82, p. 425.
Myers, R.H. and Montgomery, D.C., Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments, New York: Wiley, 1995.
NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods, 2012. www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook.
Wik, S., Sparks, B.D., Ng, S., Tu, Y., Li, Z., Chung, K.H., and Kotlyar, L.S., Effect of bitumen composition and process water chemistry on model oilsands separation using a warm slurry extraction process simulation, Fuel, 2008, vol. 87, p. 1413.
Sadeghi, M.A., Sadeghi, K.M., Kuo, J.F., Jang, L.K., and Yen, T.F., US Patent 4891131, 1990.
Sadeghi, K.M., Sadeghi, M.A., and Yen, T.F., Novel extraction of tar sands by sonication with the aid of in situ surfactants, Energy Fuels, 1990, vol. 4, no. 5, p. 604.
Esfandiari, R.S., Sloss, J.M., Sadeghi, M.A., and Yen, T.F., Determination of optimum rate constants for autocatalytic reaction of tar sand recovery process, Fuel Sci. Technol. Int., 1991, vol. 9, no. 5, p. 537.
Chemistry with Ultrasound, Mason, T.J., Ed., Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1990.
Romankov, P.G. and Frolov, V.F., Massoobmennye protsessy khimicheskoi tekhnologii: Sistemy s dispersnoi tverdoi fazoi (Mass Transfer Processes in Chemical Technologies: Systems with a Dispersed Solid Phase), Leningrad: Khimiya, 1990.
Aksel'rud, G.A. and Lysyanskii, V.M., Ekstragirovanie: Sistema tverdoe telo-zhidkost' (Extraction: The Solid–Liquid System), Leningrad: Khimiya, 1974.
Rudobashta, S.P., Massoperenos v sistemakh s tverdoi fazoi (Mass Transfer in Systems with a Solid Phase), Moscow: Khimiya, 1980.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © S.K. Myasnikov, N.N. Kulov, 2017, published in Teoreticheskie Osnovy Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii, 2017, Vol. 51, No. 1, pp. 3–14.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Myasnikov, S.K., Kulov, N.N. Modeling the separation of oil sand. Theor Found Chem Eng 51, 1–11 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040579517010146
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040579517010146