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Spectroscopic studies of four southern-hemisphere G–K supergiants: HD 192876 (α1 Cap), HD 194215 (HR 7801), HD 206834 (c Cap), and HD 222574 (104 Aqr)

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Abstract

We have studied the high-resolution spectra taken with the 1.9-m telescope of the South African Astronomical Observatory for four supergiants that are deemed to be nonvariable and to lie beyond the red edge of the Cepheid instability strip (CIS): HD 192876, HD 194215, HD 206834, and HD 222574. The atmospheric parameters, reddenings, luminosities, distances, radii, and chemical composition have been determined for these stars. Based on these results, we have ascertained thatHD194215 is not a mainsequence star but an ordinary supergiant. All objects exhibit a nearly solar metallicity. The abundances of carbon and oxygen in HD 194215 and HD 206834 are nearly solar, while they are underabundant in HD 192876 and HD 222574. The abundances of sodium, magnesium, and aluminum are different for all objects, while those of the remaining elements are nearly solar. For HD 206834, the measured radial velocity exceeds its previously known values by a factor of 3, while the asymmetric knifelike profiles of the Ha and Hß absorption lines suggest the existence of an extended envelope around the star. Similar profiles of hydrogen absorption lines and strong lines of some metals with low lower-level excitation potentials have also been revealed in the spectrum of HD 222574. The positions of the supergiants on the effective temperature–luminosity diagram in comparison with the evolutionary tracks of the stars have shown their masses to lie within the range 3.4–4.3 M ⊙. HD 194215 and HD 206834 have crossed the CIS for the first time, with the latter object being near the stage of transformation into a red supergiant. HD 192876 and HD 222574 have already passed the first dredge-up and probably move from right to left, crossing the CIS for the second time. The position of HD 222574 near the red CIS edge is probably attributable to its Cepheid-like brightness and radial velocity variations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Astronomical Observatory, Odessa National University, Shevchenko Park, Odessa, 65014, Ukraine

    I. A. Usenko

  2. South African Astronomical Observatory, P.O. Box 9, Observatory, Cape Town, 7935, South Africa

    A. Yu. Kniazev

  3. South African Large Telescope, P.O. Box 9, Observatory, Cape Town, 7935, South Africa

    A. Yu. Kniazev

  4. Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University, Universitetskii pr. 13, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    A. Yu. Kniazev, L. N. Berdnikov & V. V. Kravtsov

  5. Astronomy and Astrophysics Research Division, Entoto Observatory and Research Center, P.O. Box 8412, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    L. N. Berdnikov

  6. Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Atacama, Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Chile

    V. V. Kravtsov

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  1. I. A. Usenko
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Original Russian Text © I.A. Usenko, A.Yu. Kniazev, L.N. Berdnikov, V.V. Kravtsov, 2015, published in Pis’ma v Astronomicheskiĭ Zhurnal, 2015, Vol. 41, No. 11, pp. 715–733.

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Usenko, I.A., Kniazev, A.Y., Berdnikov, L.N. et al. Spectroscopic studies of four southern-hemisphere G–K supergiants: HD 192876 (α1 Cap), HD 194215 (HR 7801), HD 206834 (c Cap), and HD 222574 (104 Aqr). Astron. Lett. 41, 660–676 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063773715110067

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