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Neurodevelopmental liabilities of substance abuse

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Abstract

The perinate is particularly risk-prone to chemical species which have the potential of inducing neuronal apoptosis or necrosis and thereby adversely altering development of the brain, to produce life-long functional and behavioral deficits. This paper is an overview for many substances of abuse, but the purview is much more broadened by the realization that even elevated levels of estrogens and corticosteroids in the pregnant mother can act as neuroteratogens, by passing via the placenta and altering neural development or inducing apoptosis in the perinate. Finally, therapeutic risks of anesthetics are highlighted, as these too induce neuronal apoptosis in the neonate by either blocking N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors or by acting as gamma-aminobutyric acid agonists. By understanding the mechanisms involved it may ultimately be possible to interrupt the mechanistic scheme and thereby prevent neuroteratological processes.

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  1. Servicio de Psiquiatria, Hospital 12 de Octobre, Ctra. Andalucia Km. 5,400, 28041, Madrid, Spain

    Tomas Palomo

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Góteborg, Box 500, SE-40530, Góteborg, Sweden

    Trevor Archer

  3. Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Queen's University, K7L 3N6, Kingston, Canada

    Richard J. Beninger

  4. Department of Pharmacology, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, VA Building #1 on Dogwood Lane, Room 1-44, P.O. Box 70577, 37614-1708, Johnson City, TN, USA

    Richard M. Kostrzewa

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Palomo, T., Archer, T., Beninger, R.J. et al. Neurodevelopmental liabilities of substance abuse. neurotox res 4, 267–279 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1080/1029842021000010857

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