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Efficacy and Effectiveness of Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy

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Mental Health Services Research

Abstract

Decades of intervention research have produced a rich body of evidence on the effects of psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies with children and adolescents. Here we summarize and critique that evidence. We review findings bearing on the efficacy of psychosocial treatments and medications under controlled experimental conditions. We also report evidence, where available, on the effectiveness of both classes of treatment with clinically referred youth treated in real-world clinical contexts. In general, the large body of evidence on efficacy contrasts sharply with the small base of evidence on effectiveness. Addressing this gap through an enriched research agenda could contribute importantly to linking scientific inquiry and clinical practice—to the benefit of both ventures. This is one element of a multifaceted agenda for future research and for synthesis of research, which will require the interplay of multiple disciplines related to child and adolescent mental health.

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Author notes

  1. Peter S. Jensen

    Present address: Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, 722 West 168 Street, Box 78, New York, New York, 10032

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Franz Hall, University of California, Los Angeles, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, California, 90095

    John R. Weisz

  2. National Institute of Mental Health, USA

    Peter S. Jensen

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  1. John R. Weisz
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  2. Peter S. Jensen
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Weisz, J.R., Jensen, P.S. Efficacy and Effectiveness of Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy. Ment Health Serv Res 1, 125–157 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022321812352

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