Abstract
A depth-averaged 2-D finite-difference numerical modelling for eutrophication in coastal waters, based upon a numerically generated boundary-fitted orthogonal curvilinear grid system, is developed. The present eutrophication model is run simultaneously with a hydrodynamic model to capture advection and diffusion due to tidal flow. A grid “block” technique is employed to handle the areas submerged intermittently. The model simulates the transport and transformation of up to nine water quality constituents associated with eutrophication in the waters. Some kinetic coefficients are calibrated with the measured data in Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong. Descriptive inputs for Sediment Oxygen Demand (SOD) and nutrient releases from sediment, based on relevant in situ sampling analysis, are used. The computed results are compared with other long-term field data in Tolo Harbour. It shows that the computational results by the present model agree with the field data well, i.e., the present model could reasonably describe the depth-averaged algal growth dynamics and water quality time-variations in Tolo Harbour.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R.B. Ambrose, T.A. Wool, J.P. Connolly and R.W. Schanz, WASP4, a hydrodynamic and water quality model, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Report, EPA/600/3-87/039 (1988).
C.F. Cerco and T. Cole, Three-dimensional eutrophication model of Chesapeake Bay, J. Environ. Eng. ASCE 119(6) (1993) 1006–1025.
K.W. Chau, H.S. Jin and Y.S. Sin, A finite difference model of two-dimensional tidal flow in Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong, Appl. Math. Modelling 20(4) (1996) 321–328.
S. Davis Cabell, Components of the zooplankton production cycle in the temperate ocean, J. Marine Res. 45 (1987) 947–983.
D.M. Di Toro, P.R. Paquin, K. Subburamu and D.A. Gruber, Sediment oxygen demand model: methane and ammonia oxidation, J. Environ. Eng. ASCE 116(5) (1990) 945–986.
EPDHK (Environmental Protection Department, Hong Kong), Marine water quality in Hong Kong: results from the EPD marine water quality monitoring programme for 1989, EP/TR 3/90 (1990).
H.B. Fischer, E.J. List, R.C.Y. Koh, J. Imberger and N.H. Brooks, Mixing in Inland and Coastal Waters (Academic Press, 1979).
I.J. Hodgkiss and B.S.S. Chan, Pollution studies on Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong, Marine Environ. Res. 10 (1983) 1–44.
J.H.W. Lee, R.S.S. Wu and Y.K. Cheung, Dissolved oxygen variations in marine fish culture zone, J. Environ. Eng. ASCE 117(6) (1991) 799–815.
J.H.W. Lee, R.S.S. Wu, Y.K. Cheung and P.P.S. Wong, Forecasting of dissolved oxygen in marine fish culture zone, J. Environ. Eng. ASCE 117(6) (1991) 816–833.
W.S. Lung, J.L. Martin and S.C. McCutcheon, Eutrophication analysis of embayments in Prince William Sound, Alaska, J. Environ. Eng. ASCE 119(5) (1993) 811–824.
S.V. Patankar, Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow (Hemisphere, 1980).
R.V. Thomann and J.A. Mueller, Principles of Surface Water Quality Modeling and Control (Harper & Row, New York, 1987).
J.F. Thompson, Z.U.A. Warsi and C.W. Mastin, Numerical Grid Generation (Elsevier, New York, 1985).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chau, K., Jin, H. Depth-averaged, two-dimensional eutrophication modelling for Tolo Harbour, Hong Kong. Environmental Modeling & Assessment 4, 189–199 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019060100321
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019060100321