Skip to main content
Log in

A comparison of two Nextel 440 Fibre reinforced aluminium composites using acoustic emission

Journal of Materials Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The acoustic emission (AE) response and mechanical behaviour of two Nextel 440 fibre reinforced aluminium composites were compared. The total cumulative AE events were found to occur in two regions. The first region occurred at smaller strains and had a large exponential rise in events for the reinforced 6061 composite and few events for the high purity aluminium matrix composite. The difference was attributed to the alloy constituents of the 6061 aluminium matrix. The events were attributed to a dislocation release mechanism that occurred prior to yielding of the matrix. In the second region of events in the reinforced 6061 composite the event rate was constant and continued to failure. The second region of events in the high purity aluminium (HPAL) composite had a steady increase in the event rate until a constant rate was reached prior to failure. The events in the reinforced HPAL composite were attributed to the fracturing of fibres and the associated plastic deformation of the matrix that accompanies fibre failure. Thus failure in the materials occurs due to the propagation of fracturing fibres. The propagation was rapid in the reinforced 6061 aluminium composite. The reinforced HPAL composite had a slower propagation due to the high ductility of the HPAL.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. B. RAJ and B. B. JHA, British J. NDT 36 (1994) 16.

    Google Scholar 

  2. M. ARLINGTON, in “Nondestructive testing of fibre-reinforced plastics composites”, Vol. 1, edited by J. Summerscales (Elsevier Applied Science, NY, 1987) pp. 25-63.

    Google Scholar 

  3. J. AWERBUCH and J. G. BAKUCKAS, “Metal matrix composites: testing, analysis and failure modes”, edited by W. S. Johnson, ASTM STP 1032 (American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 1989) pp. 68-99.

    Google Scholar 

  4. M. MADHUKAR and J. AWERBUCH, in “Composite materials: testing and design” (seventh conference), edited by J. M. Whitney, ASTM STP 893, (American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 1986) pp. 337-367.

    Google Scholar 

  5. J. G. BAKUCKAS Jr., W. H. PROSSER and W. S. JOHNSON, J. Compos. Mater. 28 (1994) 305.

    Google Scholar 

  6. K. KOMAI, K. MINOSHIMA and T. FUNATO, in “Fractography of modern engineering materials, composites and metals”, Vol. 2, edited by J. Masters and L. Gilbertson, ASTM STP 1203, (American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 1993) pp. 145-170.

    Google Scholar 

  7. D. A. ULMAN and E. G. HENNEKE II, in “Composite materials: testing and design” (sixth conference), edited by I. M. Daniel, ASTM STP 787, (American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA, 1982) pp. 323-342.

    Google Scholar 

  8. J. D. EASTERDAY, C. H. HENAGER, M. A. FRIESEL, R. H. JONES and M. T. SMITH, in “Proceedings of Nondestructive Evaluation and Material Properties of Advanced Materials”, TMS annual meeting, New Oreans, edited by P. Liaw, O. Buck and S. M. Wolf, (1991) pp. 85-97.

  9. P. M. MUMMERY, B. DERBY and C. B. SCRUBY, Acta Metall. Mater. 41 (1993) 1431.

    Google Scholar 

  10. C. R. HEIPLE, S. H. CARPENTER and M. J. CARR, Metal Sci. 15 (1981) 587.

    Google Scholar 

  11. C. B. SCRUBY, H. N. G. WADLEY, K. RUSBRIDGE and D. STOCKHAM-JONES, ibid. 15 (1981) 599.

    Google Scholar 

  12. H. C. KIM and T. KISHI, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 55 (1977) 189.

    Google Scholar 

  13. C. B. SCRUBY and H. N. G. WADLEY, Philos. Mag. A 44 (1981) 249.

    Google Scholar 

  14. D. FANG and A. BERKOVITS, J. Mater. Sci. 30 (1995) 3552.

    Google Scholar 

  15. S. McK. COUSLAND and C. M. SCALA, Metal Sci. 15 (1981) 609.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Idem., Mater. Sci. Engng. 57 (1983) 23.

    Google Scholar 

  17. S. L. McBRIDE, J. W. MACLACHLAN and B. P. PARADIS, J. Nondestructive Evaluation 2 (1981) 35.

    Google Scholar 

  18. T. PACHECO, H. NAYEB-HASHEMI and H. E. M. SALLAM, Int. J. Acoustic Emission (in press).

  19. C. McCULLOUGH, H. E. DEVE and T. E. CHANNEL, Mater. Sci. Engng. 189 (1994) 147.

    Google Scholar 

  20. A. S. ARGON, in “Composite materials Vol. 5, fracture and fatigue”, edited by L. J. Broutman (Academic Press, NY, 1974).

    Google Scholar 

  21. S. OCHIAI and K. OSAMURA, Metall. Trans. A 21 (1990) 971.

    Google Scholar 

  22. M.-S. HU, J. YANG, H. C. CAO, A. G. EVANS and R. MEHRABIAN, Acta Metall. Mater. 40 (1992) 2315.

    Google Scholar 

  23. M. Y. HE, A. G. EVANS and W. A. CURTIN, ibid. 41 (1993) 871.

    Google Scholar 

  24. C. G. LEVI, G. J. ABBASCHIAN and R. MEHRABIAN, Metall. Trans. A 9A (1978) 697.

    Google Scholar 

  25. W. F. SMITH, “Structure and properties of engineering alloys”, 2nd Edn. (McGraw-Hill, NY, 1993).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Pacheco, T., Nayeb-Hashemi, H. & Sallam, H.E.M. A comparison of two Nextel 440 Fibre reinforced aluminium composites using acoustic emission. Journal of Materials Science 32, 3135–3142 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018642415906

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018642415906

Keywords

Navigation