Abstract
A approximate method is proposed for Birkhoffian system subjected to Gaussian white noise excitation. The Itô equations of the system is proposed, and the corresponding Fokker–Planck–Kolmogorov (FPK) equation is derived. The probability density function (PDF) of the FPK is approximated with the exponential function of polynomial. The approximate probability density function is substituted into the FPK equation and the coefficients of polynomial are factored out. An illustrative example is given to illustrate the application of the proposed method, Monte Carlo simulation results show that the approximate method can provide a satisfactory PDF solution.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Birkhoff GD (1927) Dynamical systems. AMSCollege Publisher, Providence
Santilli RM (1983) Foundations of theoretical mechanics II. Springer, New York
Mei FX, Shi RC, Zhang YF, Wu HB (1996) Dynamics of Birkhoff systems. Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing
Mei FX (2001) On the Birkhoffian mechanics. Int J Non linear Mech 36:817–834
Shi RC, Mei FX, Zhu HP (1994) On the stability of the motion of a Birkhoffian system. Mech Res Commun 21:269–272
Zhang Y (2002) Construction of the solution of variational equations for constrained Birkhoffian systems. Chin Phys 11:437–440
Guo YX, Shang M, Luo SK (2003) Poincaré-cartan integral invariants of Birkhoffian systems. Appl Math Mech Engl 24:68–72
Luo SK, Cai JL (2003) A set of the Lie symmetrical conservation laws for the rotational relativistic Birkhoffian system. Chin Phys 12:357–360
Chen XW, Mei FX (2000) Poincaré bifurcation in second order autonomous perturbed Birkhoff system. Mech Res Commun 27:365–371
Fu JL, Chen LQ (2004) Perturbation of symmetries of rotational relativistic Birkhoffian systems and its inverse problem. Phys Lett A 324:95–103
Su HL (2010) Birkhoffian symplectic scheme for a quantum system. Commun Theor Phys 53:476–480
Li YM (2010) Lie symmetries, perturbation to symmetries and adiabatic invariants of generalized Birkhoff systems. Chin Phys Lett 27:010202
Li YM, Mei FX (2010) Stability for manifolds of equilibrium states of generalized Birkhoff system. Chin Phys B 19:080302
Liu SX, Liu C, Guo YX (2011) Geometric formulations and variational integrators of discrete autonomous Birkhoff systems. Chin Phys B 20:034501
Jiang WA, Lin L, Li ZJ, Luo SK (2012) Lie symmetrical perturbation and a new type of non-Noether adiabatic invariants for disturbed generalized Birkhoffian systems. Nonlinear Dyn 67:1075–1081
Cui JC, Liu SX, Song D (2013) A necessary and sufficient condition for transforming autonomous systems into linear autonomous Birkhoffian systems. Chin Phys B 22:104501
Zhang Y, Zhou Y (2013) Symmetries and conserved quantities for fractional action-like Pfaffian variational problems. Nonlinear Dyn 73:783–793
Luo SK, Xu YL (2015) Fractional Birkhoffian mechanics. Acta Mech 226:829–844
Zhang Y, Zhai XH (2015) Noether symmetries and conserved quantities for fractional Birkhoffian systems. Nonlinear Dyn 81:469–480
He JM, Xu YL, Luo SK (2015) Stability for manifolds of the equilibrium state of fractional Birkhoffian systems. Acta Mech 226:2135–2146
Langley RS (1985) A finite element method for the statistics of non-linear random vibration. J Sound Vib 101:41–54
Narayanana S, Kumarb P (2012) Numerical solutions of FokkerPlanck equation of nonlinear systems subjected to random and harmonic excitations. Probab Eng Mech 27:35–46
Hsu CS, Chili HM (1986) A cell mapping method for nonlinear deterministic and stochastic systems—part I: the method of analysis. J Appl Mech 53:695–701
Yong Y, Lin YK (1987) Exact stationary-response solution for second order nonlinear systems under parametric and external white noise excitations. J Appl Mech 54:414–418
Langley RS (1988) Application of the principle of detailed balance to the random vibration of nonlinear oscillators. J Sound Vib 125:85–92
Muscolino G, Ricciardi G, Vastat M (1997) Stationary and non-stationary probability density function for non-linear oscillators. Int J Non Linear Mech 32:1051–1064
Grigoriu M (2004) Characteristic function equations for the state of dynamic systems with Gaussian, Poisson, and Lvy white noise. Probabilist Eng Mech 19:449–461
Yu JS, Lin YK (2004) Numerical path integration of a non-homogeneous Markov process. Int J Non Linear Mech 39:1493–1500
Er GK (1998) An improved closure method for analysis of nonlinear stochastic systems. Nonlinear Dyn 17:285–297
Er GK (1998) Multi-Gaussian closure method for randomly excited non-linear systems. Int J Non-Linear Mech 33:201–214
Er GK, Iu VP (1999) Probabilistic solutions to nonlinear random ship roll motion. J Eng Mech ASME 125:570–574
Er GK (1999) A consistent method for the solution to reduced FPK equation in statistical mechanics. Phys A 262:118–128
Er GK, Iu VP (2000) Stochastic response of base-excited coulomb oscillator. J Sound Vib 233:81–92
Er GK (2000) Exponential closure method for some randomly excited non-linear systems. Int J Non-Linear Mech 35:69–78
Rong HW, Wang XD, Meng G, Xu W, Fang T (2003) Approximation closure method of FPK equations. J Sound Vib 266:919–925
Er GK, Zhu HT, Iu VP, Kou KP (2008) Probabilistic solution of nonlinear oscillators under external and parametric poisson impulses. AIAA J 46:2839–2847
Er GK, Zhu HT, Iu VP, Kou KP (2009) PDF solution of nonlinear oscillators subject to multiplicative Poisson pulse excitation on displacement. Nonlinear Dyn 55:337–348
Zhu HT, Er GK, Iu VP, Kou KP (2010) Probability density function solution of nonlinear oscillators subjected to multiplicative poisson pulse excitation on velocity. J Appl Mech 77:031001
Er GK, Zhu HT, Iu VP, Kou KP (2011) Probability density function solution to nonlinear ship roll motion excited by external Poisson white noise. Sci China Technol Sci 54:1121–1125
Er GK, Zhu HT, Iu VP, Kou KP (2011) Probabilistic solution of nonlinear oscillators excited by combined Gaussian and Poisson white noises. J Sound Vib 330:2900–2909
Zhu HT (2014) Probabilistic solution of vibro-impact stochastic Duffing systems with a unilateral non-zero offset barrier. Phys A 410:335–344
Zhu HT (2014) Stochastic response of vibro-impact Duffing oscillators under external and parametric Gaussian white noises. J Sound Vib 333:954–961
Zhu HT (2016) Stochastic response of a parametrically excited vibro-impact system with a nonzero offset constraint. Int J Dynam Control 4:180–194
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science of China (Nos. 11302088 and 11502071).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jiang, WA., Xia, ZW. & Xia, LL. Approximation closure method for Birkhoffian system under random excitations. Int. J. Dynam. Control 6, 398–405 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40435-016-0282-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40435-016-0282-6