Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Characterization of failure modes in compression-after impact of glass–epoxy composite laminates using acoustic emission monitoring

  • Technical Paper
  • Published:
Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper investigates the effect of impact velocity on compression-after impact (CAI) strength, while the different failure modes arising during CAI test are characterized using the acoustic emission (AE) technique. For this purpose, CAI GFRP laminates manufactured as per ASTM D7137 were subjected to impact velocities such as 3.5, 5 and 6 m/s at room temperature. Impacted laminates were then subjected to compression tests using a specially fabricated fixture: AE activity was monitored during loading. Frequency analysis and location analysis were performed on the AE data obtained during CAI test of GFRP specimens impacted at different velocities to investigate the nature and extent of damage.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abrate S (1994) Impact on laminated composites: recent advances. Appl Mech Rev 47(11):517–544. doi:10.1115/1.3111065

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Abrate S (1998) Impact on composite structures. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Book  Google Scholar 

  3. Naik NK, Borade SV, Arya H, Sailendra M, Prabhu SV (2002) Experimental studies on impact behaviour of woven fabric composites: effect of impact parameters. J Reinf Plast Compos 21(15):1347–1362. doi:10.1177/0731684402021015294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Sierakowski RL, Chaturvedi SK (1997) Dynamic loading and characterization of fiber-reinforced composites. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  5. Siow YP, Shim VPW (1998) An experimental study of low velocity impact damage in woven fiber composites. J Compos Mater 32(12):1178–1202. doi:10.1177/002199839803201203

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Aktaş M, Karakuzu R, Arman Y (2009) Compression-after impact behavior of laminated composite plates subjected to low velocity impact in high temperatures. Compos Struct 89(1):77–82. doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2008.07.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Rhead A, Butler R, Baker N (2011) Analysis and compression testing of laminates optimised for damage tolerance. Appl Compos Mater 18(1):85–100. doi:10.1007/s10443-010-9153-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Sanchez-Saez S, Barbero E, Zaera R, Navarro C (2005) Compression after impact of thin composite laminates. Compos Sci Technol 65(13):1911–1919. doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.04.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ghelli D, Minak G (2011) Low velocity impact and compression after impact tests on thin carbon/epoxy laminates. Compos B Eng 42(7):2067–2079. doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.04.017

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Aymerich F, Priolo P (2008) Characterization of fracture modes in stitched and unstitched cross-ply laminates subjected to low-velocity impact and compression after impact loading. Int J Impact Eng 35(7):591–608. doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2007.02.009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. de Freitas M, Reis L (1998) Failure mechanisms on composite specimens subjected to compression after impact. Compos Struct 42(4):365–373. doi:10.1016/S0263-8223(98)00081-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Tsampas SA, Greenhalgh ES, Ankersen J, Curtis PT (2012) On compressive failure of multidirectional fibre-reinforced composites: a fractographic study. Compos A Appl Sci Manuf 43(3):454–468. doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2011.11.013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Fleck NA, Sivashanker S, Sutcliffe MPF (1997) Compressive failure of composites due to microbuckle growth. Euro J Mech A/Solids 16(Special issue):65–82

  14. Ochola RO, Marcus K, Nurick GN, Franz T (2004) Mechanical behaviour of glass and carbon fibre reinforced composites at varying strain rates. Compos Struct 63(3–4):455–467. doi:10.1016/S0263-8223(03)00194-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Prabhakar P, Waas A, Ng W, Raveendra R (2011) Investigation of failure mode interaction in laminated composites subjected to compression loading. In: 52nd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC structures, structural dynamics and materials conference; 19th AIAA/ASME/AHS adaptive structures conference, vol AIAA-2011-1792, Denver, 4–7 Apr 2011

  16. Prabhakar P, Waas AM (2013) Interaction between kinking and splitting in the compressive failure of unidirectional fiber reinforced laminated composites. Compos Struct 98:85–92. doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.11.005

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Bussiba A, Kupiec M, Piat R, Böhlke T (2008) Fracture characterization of C/C composites under various stress modes by monitoring both mechanical and acoustic responses. Carbon 46(4):618–630. doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2008.01.020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Green ER (1998) Acoustic emission in composite laminates. J Nondestr Eval 17(3):117–127. doi:10.1023/A:1022654913517

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Hill R, Cowking A, Carswell WS (1989) An acoustic emission study of stress corrosion in a chopped strand mat GFRP composite. Composites 20(3):215–222. doi:10.1016/0010-4361(89)90336-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Arumugam V, Barath Kumar S, Santulli C, Joseph Stanley A (2011) Fiber orientation in uni-directional glass epoxy laminate using acoustic emission monitoring. Acta Metall Sin 24(5):351–364

    Google Scholar 

  21. Berthelot JM, Rhazi J (1990) Acoustic emission in carbon fibre composites. Compos Sci Technol 37(4):411–428. doi:10.1016/0266-3538(90)90012-T

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Boominathan R, Arumugam V, Santulli C, Adhithya Plato Sidharth A, Anand Sankar R, Sridhar BTN (2014) Acoustic emission characterization of the temperature effect on falling weight impact damage in carbon/epoxy laminates. Compos B Eng 56:591–598. doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.09.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Arumugam V, Adhithya Plato Sidharth A, Santulli C (2013) Failure modes characterization of impacted carbon fibre reinforced plastics laminates under compression loading using acoustic emission. J Compos Mater. doi:10.1177/0021998313509504

    Google Scholar 

  24. Santulli C (2003) Study of impact hysteresis curves on E-glass reinforced polypropylene laminates. J Mater Sci Lett 22(22):1557–1562

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Santulli C (2012) Matrix cracking detection by acoustic emission in polymer composites and counts/duration ratio. E J Non Destr Test 17(11)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aerospace Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, 600 044, India

    V. Arumugam & A. Adhithya Plato Sidharth

  2. School of Architecture and Design, Università degli Studi di Camerino, 63100, Ascoli Piceno, Italy

    C. Santulli

Authors
  1. V. Arumugam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Adhithya Plato Sidharth
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. C. Santulli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Adhithya Plato Sidharth.

Additional information

Technical Editor: Fernando Alves Rochinha.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Arumugam, V., Adhithya Plato Sidharth, A. & Santulli, C. Characterization of failure modes in compression-after impact of glass–epoxy composite laminates using acoustic emission monitoring. J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 37, 1445–1455 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-014-0263-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-014-0263-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation