Harmonic State and Power Flow Estimation in Distribution Systems Using Evolutionary Strategy

Abstract

The increasing use of non-linear loads in industry makes relevant monitoring the levels of harmonic distortion in the electrical systems. However, even with the reduction of costs associated with the acquisition of power quality meters, installing them in all the buses of a distribution system is uneconomical. In this context, it is proposed in this article an algorithm based on evolutionary strategies, able to estimate the harmonic distortion and power flow, in fundamental frequency, of a distribution system monitoring only a few buses. The performance of the proposed algorithm will be evaluated in IEEE 5-bus and IEEE 14-bus systems.

Appendix

Tables 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 list the fundamental and harmonic voltage components values obtained from the power flow and harmonic state for the IEEE 5-bus and IEEE 14-bus systems through the PSCAD transient electromagnetic software, from the harmonic current injection in some buses chosen randomly.

Table 9 Reference values of magnitude (in P.U.) and phase (in ${^\circ }$) of $V_{1h}, V_{3h}$ and $V_{5h}$ at IEEE 5-bus system

Table 10 Reference values of magnitude (in P.U.) and phase (in ${^\circ }$) of $V_{7h}$ and $V_{9h}$ at IEEE 5-bus system

Table 11 Reference values of magnitude (in P.U.) and phase (in ${^\circ }$) of $V_{11h}$ and $V_{13h}$ at IEEE 5-bus system

Table 12 Reference values of magnitude (in P.U.) and phase (in ${^\circ }$) of $V_{1h}, V_{3h}$ and $V_{5h}$ at IEEE 14-bus system

Table 13 Reference values of magnitude (in P.U.) and phase (in ${^\circ }$) of $V_{7h}$ and $V_{9h}$ at IEEE 14-bus system

Table 14 Reference values of magnitude (in P.U.) and phase (in ${^\circ }$) of $V_{11h}$ and $V_{13h}$ at IEEE 14-bus system