Skip to main content
Log in

Systematic Review of Humanistic and Economic Burden of Symptomatic Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

  • Systematic Review
  • Published:
PharmacoEconomics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

An understanding of the humanistic and economic burden of individuals with symptomatic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is required to inform payers and healthcare professionals about the disease burden.

Objectives

The aim of this systematic review was to identify and present humanistic [health-related quality of life (HRQoL)] and economic burdens of symptomatic COPD.

Methods

A comprehensive search of online databases (reimbursement or claims databases/other databases), abstracts from conference proceedings, published literature, clinical trials, medical records, health ministries, financial reports, registries, and other sources was conducted. Adult patients of any race or gender with symptomatic COPD were included. Humanistic and economic burdens included studies evaluating HRQoL and cost and resource use, respectively, associated with symptomatic COPD.

Results

Thirty-two studies reporting humanistic burden and 74 economic studies were identified. Symptomatic COPD led to impairment in the health state of patients, as assessed by HRQoL instruments. It was also associated with high economic burden across all countries. The overall, direct, and indirect costs per patient increased with an increase in symptoms, dyspnoea severity, and duration of disease. Across countries, the annual societal costs associated with symptomatic COPD were higher among patients with comorbidities.

Conclusions

Symptomatic COPD is associated with a substantial economic burden. The HRQoL of patients with symptomatic COPD is, in general, low and influenced by dyspnoea.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 2014. http://www.goldcopd.org/uploads/users/files/GOLD_Report2014_Feb07.pdf. Accessed 15 Mar 2014.

  2. Calverley PM, Walker P. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lancet. 2003;362:1053–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Dal Negro R. Optimizing economic outcomes in the management of COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2008;3:1–10.

  4. Al Moamary MS, Tamim HM, Al-Mutairi SS, Al-Khouzaie TH, Mahboub BH, et al. Quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries. Saudi Med J. 2012;33:1111–7.

  5. Bellas H, Connolly B, Birring S, Hurst B. Effect of cough on health-related quality of life in COPD [poster]. In: Presented at the European Respiratory Society Conference, Vienna. 2 Sep 2012. https://www.ersnetsecure.org/public/prg_congres.abstract?ww_i_presentation=56183. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  6. Bentsen SB, Rokne B, Wahl AK. Comparison of health-related quality of life between patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the general population. Scand J Caring Sci. 2013;27:905–12.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Boros PW, Lubinski W. Health state and the quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Poland: a study using the EuroQoL-5D questionnaire. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2012;122:73–81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Bridevaux PO, Gerbase MW, Probst-Hensch NM, Schindler C, Gaspoz JM, Rochat T. Long-term decline in lung function, utilisation of care and quality of life in modified GOLD stage 1 COPD. Thorax. 2008;63:768–74.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Britton M. The burden of COPD in the UK: results from the Confronting COPD survey. Respir Med. 2003;97 Suppl C:S71–9.

  10. Punekar YS, Shukla A, Mullerova H. COPD management costs according to the frequency of COPD exacerbations in UK primary care. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2014;9:65–73.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Baty F, Putora PM, Isenring B, Blum T, Brutsche M. Comorbidities and burden of COPD: a population based case-control study. PLoS One. 2013;8:e63285.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Garcia-Olmos L, Alberquilla A, Ayala V, Garcia-Sagredo P, Morales L, Carmona M, et al. Comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in family practice: a cross sectional study. BMC Fam Pract. 2013;14:11.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Mannino DM, Thorn D, Swensen A, Holguin F. Prevalence and outcomes of diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease in COPD. Eur Respir J. 2008;32:962–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Fletcher MJ, Upton J, Taylor-Fishwick J, Buist SA, Jenkins C, Hutton J, et al. COPD uncovered: an international survey on the impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD] on a working age population. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:612.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Jones P, Lareau S, Mahler DA. Measuring the effects of COPD on the patient. Respir Med. 2005;99 Suppl B:S11–8.

  16. Gupta B, Kant S. Health related quality of life (HRQoL) in COPD. Internet J Pulm Med 2009;11:1. http://www.ispub.com/journal/the_internet_journal_of_pulmonary_medicine/volume_11_number_1a/article/health-related-quality-of-life-hrqol-in-copd.html. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  17. Hynninen MJ, Pallesen S, Nordhus IH. Factors affecting health status in COPD patients with co-morbid anxiety or depression. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2007;2:323–8.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Hilleman DE, Dewan N, Malesker M, Friedman M. Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of COPD. Chest. 2000;118:1278–85.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Hessey SM, Jarad NA. Reducing exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a review of current pharmacological strategies. West Engl Med J. 2012;111:1.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Wang Q, Bourbeau J. Outcomes and health-related quality of life following hospitalization for an acute exacerbation of COPD. Respirology. 2005;10:334–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J. Altman DG; PRISMA Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6:e1000097.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Downs SH, Black N. The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998;52:377–84.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Drummond MF, Jefferson TO. Guidelines for authors and peer reviewers of economic submissions to the BMJ. The BMJ Economic Evaluation Working Party. BMJ. 1996;313:275–83.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Lu M, Yao WZ, Zhong NS, Zhou YM, Wang C, Chen P, et al. Asymptomatic patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China. Chin Med J (Engl). 2010;123:1494–9.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Mollaoglu M, Fertelli TK, Tuncay FO. Fatigue and disability in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2011;53:e93–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Hens G, Vanaudenaerde BM, Bullens DM, Piessens M, Decramer M, Dupont LJ, et al. Sinonasal pathology in nonallergic asthma and COPD: ‘united airway disease’ beyond the scope of allergy. Allergy. 2008;63:261–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Voll-Aanerud M, Eagan TM, Wentzel-Larsen T, Gulsvik A, Bakke PS. Respiratory symptoms, COPD severity, and health related quality of life in a general population sample. Respir Med. 2008;102:399–406.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Antoniu SA, Puiu A, Zaharia BG, Azoicai D. Age has no significant impact on health-related quality of life in patients hospitalized for COPD exacerbations. Value Health. 2011;14:A498.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Mazur W, Kupiainen H, Pitkaniemi J, Kilpelainen M, Sintonen H, Lindqvist A, et al. Comparison between the disease-specific Airways Questionnaire 20 and the generic 15D instruments in COPD. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2011;9:4.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Scharf SM, Maimon N, Simon-Tuval T, Bernhard-Scharf BJ, Reuveni H, Tarasiuk A. Sleep quality predicts quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2011;6:1–12.

    PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  31. Jones PW, Adamek L, Nadeau G, Banik N. Comparisons of health status scores with MRC grades in COPD: for the GOLD 2011 classification. Eur Respir J. 2013;42:647–54.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Lopez Jove OR, Giugno E, Galdames A, Barrionuevo V, Rey S, Tabaj G, et al. Quality of life in patients with COPD: its relation to GOLD stages and dyspnea. In: Presented at the American thoracic society international conference; 18–23 May 2012; San Francisco (CA). http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_MeetingAbstracts.A1517. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  33. Punekar YS, Rodriguez-Roisin R, Sculpher M, Jones P, Spencer M. Implications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on patients’ health status: a western view. Respir Med. 2007;101:661–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Sullivan SD, Cai Q, Mocarski M, Stephenson JJ, Tan H, et al. Patient-reported quality of life and dyspnea among COPD patients with nighttime and/or early morning symptoms. Value Health. 2013;16:A239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Lu Y, Nyunt MS, Gwee X, Feng L, Feng L, Kua EH, et al. Life event stress and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): associations with mental well-being and quality of life in a population-based study. BMJ Open. 2012;2:e001674.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Carvounis CP, Nikas N, Panitti E. Epidemiological survey in primary care patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Greece. The EPIPTOSI study. Pneumon. 2012;25:386–94.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Polatli M, Ben Kheder A, Wali S, Javed A, Khattab A, Mahboub B, BREATHE Study Group, et al. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and associated healthcare resource consumption in the Middle East and North Africa. The BREATHE study. Respir Med. 2012;106(Suppl 2):S75–85.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Wouters EF. Economic analysis of the Confronting COPD survey: an overview of results. Respir Med. 2003;97 Suppl C:S3–14.

  39. Halpern MT, Stanford RH, Borker R. The burden of COPD in the USA: results from the Confronting COPD survey. Respir Med. 2003;97 Suppl C:S81–9.

  40. Murtagh E, O’Neill C, McAllister D, Kee F, Macmahon J, Heaney LG. A cross-Ireland. Treat Respir Med. 2006;5:495–501.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Dalal AA, Shah M, D’Souza AO, Rane P. Costs of COPD exacerbations in the emergency department and inpatient setting. Respir Med. 2011;105:454–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Berkius J, Nolin T, Mardh C, Karlstrom G. Walther SM; Swedish Intensive Care Registry. Characteristics and long-term outcome of acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an analysis of cases in the Swedish Intensive Care Registry during 2002–2006. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2008;52:759–65.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Fuhrman C, Roche N, Vergnenegre A, Zureik M, Chouaid C, Delmas MC. Hospital admissions related to acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in France, 1998–2007. Respir Med. 2011;105:595–601.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Lampela P, Saynajakangas O, Keistinen T. Is the treatment of acute COPD exacerbations in Finland shifting to general practitioners? Scand J Prim Health Care. 2006;24:140–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Varol Y, Varol U, Baser Z, Usta L, Balci G, Özacar R. The cost of COPD exacerbations managed in hospital. Turk Toraks Derg. 2013;14:19–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Johannesdottir SA, Christiansen CF, Johansen MB, Olsen M, Xu X, Parker JM, et al. Hospitalization with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and associated health resource utilization: a population-based Danish cohort study. J Med Econ. 2013;16:897–906.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Chapman KR, Bourbeau J, Rance L. The burden of COPD in Canada: results from the Confronting COPD survey. Respir Med. 2003;97 Suppl C:S23–31.

  48. Dal Negro R, Rossi A, Cerveri I. The burden of COPD in Italy: results from the Confronting COPD survey. Respir Med. 2003;97 Suppl C:S43–50.

  49. Izquierdo JL. The burden of COPD in Spain: results from the Confronting COPD survey. Respir Med. 2003;97 Suppl C:S61–9.

  50. Piperno D, Huchon G, Pribil C, Boucot I, Similowski T. The burden of COPD in France: results from the Confronting COPD survey. Respir Med. 2003;97 Suppl C:S33–42.

  51. Wouters EF. The burden of COPD in The Netherlands: results from the Confronting COPD survey. Respir Med. 2003;97 Suppl C:S51–9.

  52. Punekar YS, Wurst K, Shukla A. COPD management costs among newly diagnosed COPD patients in the UK primary care Setting. In: Presented at the American thoracic society international conference; 17–22 May 2013; Philadelphia, PA. Available at: http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2013.187.1_MeetingAbstracts.A4373. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  53. Gabriel SI, Teodorescu A, Dan DI, Maria A. Who win? Spirometry versus symptoms for predicting the longitudinal outcomes in COPD patients: 10 years observation. Eur Respir J. 2011;38(Suppl 55):949.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Perera PN, Armstrong EP, Sherrill DL, Skrepnek GH. Acute exacerbations of COPD in the US: inpatient burden and predictors of costs and mortality. COPD. 2012;9:131–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Cai Q, Sullivan SD, Stephenson JJ, Tan H, Kavati A, et al. Health-related quality of life and work productivity of employed COPD patients with nighttime and early morning symptoms. In: Presented at the American thoracic society (ATS) international conference; 17–22 May 2013; Philadelphia, PA. http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2013.187.1_MeetingAbstracts.A2939. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  56. Dal Negro R, Bonadiman L, Tognella S, Micheletto C, Turco P. The impact of LABA + ICS fixed combinations on morbidity and economic burden of COPD in Italy: a 6-year observational study. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2011;5:83–90.

  57. Ayres JG, Price MJ, Efthimiou J. Cost-effectiveness of fluticasone propionate in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Respir Med. 2003;97:212–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Hernandez C, Casas A, Escarrabill J, Alonso J, Puig-Junoy J, Farrero E, et al. CHRONIC project. Home hospitalisation of exacerbated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Eur Respir J. 2003;21:58–67.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Stridsman C, Mullerova H, Skar L, Lindberg A. Fatigue in COPD and the impact of respiratory symptoms and heart disease: a population-based study. COPD. 2013;10:125–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Aimonino Ricauda N, Tibaldi V, Leff B, Scarafiotti C, Marinello R, Zanocchi M, et al. Substitutive “hospital at home” versus inpatient care for elderly patients with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective randomized, controlled trial. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008;56:493–500.

  61. Jones PW, Tabberer M, Chen WH. Creating scenarios of the impact of COPD and their relationship to COPD Assessment Test (CAT) scores. BMC Pulm Med. 2011;11:42.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Bestall JC, Paul EA, Garrod R, Granham R, Jones PW, Wedzicha JA. Usefulness of the Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnoea scale as a measure of disability in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 1999;54:581–6.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Tsiligianni I, Kocks J, Tzanakis N, Siafakas N, van der Molen T. Factors that influence disease-specific quality of life or health status in patients with COPD: a review and meta-analysis of Pearson correlations. Prim Care Respir J. 2011;20:257–68.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Diamantea F, Tiskrika S, Karakontaki F, Mitromaras D, Stagaki E, Kastanakis E, et al. Factors determining duration of hospital stay in patients hospitalized for acute COPD exacerbation. Eur Respir J. 2011;38(Suppl 55):906.

    Google Scholar 

  65. Chung F, Barnes N, Allen M, Angus R, Corris P, Knox A, et al. Assessing the burden of respiratory disease in the UK. Respir Med. 2002;96:963–75.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Almagro P, Barreiro B, Ochoa de Echaguen A, Quintana S, Rodriguez Carballeira M, Heredia JL, et al. Risk factors for hospital readmission in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respiration. 2006;73:311–7.

  67. Elmariami M, McGarry K, Yakubu D, Shamssain M. Association between respiratory viruses and exacerbations in COPD patients. Presented at the European Respiratory Society Conference; 18–22 Sep 2010; Barcelona. https://www.ersnetsecure.org/public/prg_congres.abstract?ww_i_presentation=47378. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  68. Llor C, Molina J, Naberan K, Cots JM, Ros F, Miravitlles M, EVOCA study group. Exacerbations worsen the quality of life of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in primary healthcare. Int J Clin Pract. 2008;62:585–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Goossens LM, Nivens MC, Sachs P, Monz BU. Rutten-van Molken MP. Is the EQ-5D responsive to recovery from a moderate COPD exacerbation? Respir Med. 2011;105:1195–202.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Loh LC, Lai CH, Liew OH, Siow YY. Symptomatology and health status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Med J Malaysia. 2005;60:570–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Mocarski M, Schaefer ML, Palsgrove A, Hareendran A, Houghton K, Carson RT, et al. Patients’ experience of nighttime COPD symptoms: results from qualitative research. Presented at the American thoracic society international conference; 13–18 May 2011; Denver (CO). http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_MeetingAbstracts.A1479. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  72. Partridge M, Vogelmeier C, Miravitlles M, Cazzola M, Leynaud D, Ostinelli J, et al. Sleep disturbance in patients with severe COPD. Presented at the European Respiratory Society Conference; 19 Sep 2010; Barcelona. https://www.ersnetsecure.org/public/prg_congres.abstract?ww_i_presentation=48684. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  73. Shafiq I, Huggett K, Idris l, Rudran B, Shaw T. Use of COPD assessment (CAT) test in monitoring acute exacerbations [poster]. Presented at the European Respiratory Society Annual Congress; 24–28 Sep 2011; Amsterdam. http://f1000.com/posters/browse/summary/1089343. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  74. Solem C, Sun S, Macahilig C, Katyal M, Gao X. Burden of COPD exacerbations in severe and very severe COPD patients: initial results of a nationally representative patient survey and chart review. Chest. 2012;142:718A.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Trappenburg JC, Touwen I, de Weert-van Oene GH, Bourbeau J, Monninkhof EM, Verheij TJM, et al. Detecting exacerbations using the Clinical COPD Questionnaire. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2010;8:102.

  76. Andreassen SL, Liaaen ED, Stenfors N, Henriksen AH. Impact of pneumonia on mortality and length of stay in patients hospitalized with acute COPD exacerbations. Eur Respir J. 2011;38(Suppl 55):565.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Asai N, Ohkuni Y, Iwasaki T, Matsunuma R, Nakashima K, Otsuka Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of single-dose 2.0 g azithromycin in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Infect Chemother. 2011;17:793–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Bahadori K, FitzGerald JM, Levy RD, Fera T, Swiston J. Risk factors and outcomes associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations requiring hospitalization. Can Respir J. 2009;16:e43–9.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Bakerly ND, Davies C, Dyer M, Dhillon P. Cost analysis of an integrated care model in the management of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chron Respir Dis. 2009;6:201–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Ban A, Ismail AR, Abdul Rahman A, Sulung S, Syed Mohamed A. Impact of clinical pathway on clinical outcomes in the management of COPD exacerbation. BMC Pulm Med. 2012;12:27.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Bertolini G, Confalonieri M, Rossi C, Rossi G, Simini B, Gorini M, GiViTI Group, et al. Costs of the COPD. Differences between intensive care unit and respiratory intermediate care unit. Respir Med. 2005;99:894–900.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Bingol H, Cingoz F, Balkan A, Kilic S, Bolcal C, Demirkilic U, et al. The effect of oral prednisolone with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. J Card Surg. 2005;20:252–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Camp PG, Burns J, Lane C, Sin D, van Eeden S. Factors associated with rehospitalization within 14 days of hospital discharge for an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chest. 2010;138:472A.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Chandra D, Tsai CL, Camargo CA Jr. Acute exacerbations of COPD: delay in presentation and the risk of hospitalization. COPD. 2009;6:95–103.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Chen YH, Yao WZ, Cai BQ, Wang H, Deng XM, Gao HL, et al. Economic analysis in admitted patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chin Med J (Engl). 2008;121:587–91.

    Google Scholar 

  86. Chen Y, Yao W, Kang J, Cai B, Zhou X, et al. Perception of patients with frequent exacerbation of COPD: National multi-center survey in China. In: Presented at the American thoracic society (ATS) international conference; 17–22 May 2013; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2013.187.1_MeetingAbstracts.A1438. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  87. Chmielowicz B, Panaszek B, Obojski A. Hospital management of patients with exacerbation of severe and very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): protocol of treatment and discharge. In: Presented at the American thoracic society international conference; 13–18 May 2011; Denver, CO. http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_MeetingAbstracts.A3119. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  88. Dal Negro RW, Bonadiman L, Turati C, Turco P. Clinical and pharmacoeconomic profile of COPD patients with FEV1 50–60 % predicted: pilot study on the impact of the extended indication of ICS/LABA. Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2009;3:51–8.

  89. Dalal AA, Shah MB, D’Souza AO, Lunacsek OE, Nagar SP, Crater GD. Observational study of the outcomes and costs of initiating maintenance therapies in patients with moderate exacerbations of COPD. Respir Res. 2012;13:41.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. de Jong YP, Uil SM, Grotjohan HP, Postma DS, Kerstjens HA, van den Berg JW. Oral or IV prednisolone in the treatment of COPD exacerbations: a randomized, controlled, double-blind study. Chest. 2007;132:1741–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. de Miguel-Diez J, Jimenez-Garcia R, Hernandez-Barrera V, Puente-Maestu L, Rodriguez-Rodriguez P, Lopez de Andres A, et al. Trends in hospital admissions for acute exacerbation of COPD in Spain from, 2006 to 2010. Respir Med. 2013;107:717–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Drescher GS, Carnathan BJ, Imus S, Colice GL. Incorporating tiotropium into a respiratory therapist-directed bronchodilator protocol for managing in-patients with COPD exacerbations decreases bronchodilator costs. Respir Care. 2008;53:1678–84.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Eaton T, Young P, Fergusson W, Moodie L, Zeng I, O’Kane F, et al. Does early pulmonary rehabilitation reduce acute health-care utilization in COPD patients admitted with an exacerbation? A randomized controlled study. Respirology. 2009;14:230–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Edelman DA, Maleyko-Jacobs S, White MT, Lucas CE, Ledgerwood AM. Smoking and home oxygen therapy: a preventable public health hazard. J Burn Care Res. 2008;29:119–22.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Geitona M, Hatzikou M, Steiropoulos P, Alexopoulos EC, Bouros D. The cost of COPD exacerbations: a university hospital-based study in Greece. Respir Med. 2011;105:402–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. George PM, Stone RA, Buckingham RJ, Pursey NA, Lowe D, Roberts CM. Changes in NHS organization of care and management of hospital admissions with COPD exacerbations between the national COPD audits of 2003 and 2008. QJM. 2011;104:859–66.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Golmohammadi K, Jacobs P, Sin DD. Economic evaluation of a community-based pulmonary rehabilitation program for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Lung. 2004;182:187–96.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Hutchinson A, Brand C, Irving L, Roberts C, Thompson P, Campbell D. Acute care costs of patients admitted for management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: contribution of disease severity, infection and chronic heart failure. Intern Med J. 2010;40:364–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Kruavit A, Thien F. Systemic corticosteroids are still inappropriately prescribed in hospital patients with COPD exacerbation. Respirology. 2013;18:58.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Lerikou M, Dimopoulos G, Tsiodras S, Chranioti A, Perros E, Anagnostopoulouet U, et al. Elderly vs non-elderly patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) due to a viral infection [poster]. In: Presented at the European Respiratory Society Conference, Vienna, 3 Sep 2012. https://www.ersnetsecure.org/public/prg_congres.abstract?ww_i_presentation=55529. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  101. Limsuwat C, Nantsupawat T, Kijsirichareanchai K, Nugent K. Factors predicting length of stay in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations admitted to intensive care. J Invest Med. 2012;60:445.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Lindenauer PK, Rothberg MB, Pekow PS, Kenwood C, Benjamin EM, Auerbach AD. Outcomes of care by hospitalists, general internists, and family physicians. N Engl J Med. 2007;357:2589–600.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Martinez CH, Raparla S, Plauschinat CA, Giardino ND, Rogers B, Beresford J, et al. Gender differences in symptoms and care delivery for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2012;21:1267–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  104. Monteiro F, Cunha K, Silva R, TodoBom F, Lopes C, Azevedo P, et al. Is there a difference in outcome according to etiology of COPD exacerbation in patients admitted to an ICU? Eur Respir J. 2011;38(Suppl 55):2054.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Nangia V, Gandhi K. Use of procalcitonin to guide the antibiotic therapy in patients with an acute exacerbation of COPD in a resource-limited setting: a case-control study. In: Presented at the 22nd European Congress of clinical microbiology and infectious diseases, London, 2 Apr 2012. http://registration.akm.ch/einsicht.php?XNABSTRACT_ID=142089&XNSPRACHE_ID=2&XNKONGRESS_ID=161&XNMASKEN_ID=900. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  106. Nasciben V. Resource use and costs of exacerbation management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients under the private healthcare system in Brazil: role of maintenance treatment in the exacerbation prevention in severe patients. Value Health. 2011;14:A140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  107. Nielsen R, Johannessen A, Bakke PS, Askildsen JE, Omenaas ER, Gulsvik A. Aspects of healthcare utilisation in self-reported obstructive lung disease. Clin Respir J. 2009;3:34–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Nikolakopoulou S, Hillas G, Veldekis D, Bakakos P. Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): correlation of hospitalization days with epidemiological and clinical parameters. Presented at the European Respiratory Society Conference, Barcelona, 18–22 Sep 2010. http://www.ers-education.org/Media/Media.aspx?idMedia=138269. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  109. Nishimura K, Yasui M, Nishimura T, Oga T. Clinical pathway for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: method development and five years of experience. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis. 2011;6:365–72.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Ornek T, Tor M, Altin R, Atalay F, Geredeli E, Soylu O, et al. Clinical factors affecting the direct cost of patients hospitalized with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Med Sci. 2012;9:285–90.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Overbeek JA, Balp MM, Penning FJA, Dekhuijzen PNR, Herings RMC. Burden of exacerbations in patients with COPD in the Netherlands: a real-life study. Value Health. 2012;15:A560–1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  112. Ozkaya S, Findik S, Atici AG. The costs of hospitalization in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clinicoecon Outcomes Res. 2011;3:15–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Ramanath KV, Sabith JK. Pharmacoeconomic evaluation of acute exacerbations of COPD treatment in a rural tertiary care hospital. Int J Pharm Sci Res. 2012;3:1155–60.

    Google Scholar 

  114. Roberts MH, Borrego M, Petersen H, Kharat A, Blanchette C. Estimating the burden and course of severe COPD exacerbations in the U.S. hispanic population. In: Presented at the American thoracic society international conference, Denver, CO, 13–18 May 2011. http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_MeetingAbstracts.A1496. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  115. Romagnoli M, Dell’Orso D, Lorenzi C, Crisafulli E, Costi S, Lugli D, et al. Repeated pulmonary rehabilitation in severe and disabled COPD patients. Respiration. 2006;73:769–76.

  116. Rosychuk RJ, Voaklander DC, Senthilselvan A, Klassen TP, Marrie TJ, Rowe BH. Presentations to emergency departments for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Alberta: a population-based study. CJEM. 2010;12:500–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Rowe BH, Rosychuk R, Espinola JA, Krishnan JA, Lang ES, Camargo CA Jr. Comparison of Canadian versus US emergency department visits and admission rates for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. CJEM. 2010;12:247.

    Google Scholar 

  118. Mittmann N, Kuramoto L, Seung SJ, Haddon JM, Bradley-Kennedy C, Fitzgerald JM. The cost of moderate and severe COPD exacerbations to the Canadian healthcare system. Respir Med. 2008;102:413–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Shen N. The direct admitted medical cost of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respirology. 2011;16:123.

    Google Scholar 

  120. Silver H, Blanchette CM, Roberts M, Petersen H, St Charles ME. Prevalence of comorbidities in patients hospitalized for COPD exacerbations and impact on impatient mortality and hospital expenditures. Presented at the American Thoracic Society International Conference, New Orleans, LA, 14–19 May 2010. http://www.atsjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_MeetingAbstracts.A5943. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  121. Simoens S, Decramer M, De Coster S, Celis G, Laekeman G. Clinical and economic analysis of antimicrobial therapy of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. Int J Clin Pract. 2007;61:200–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. Sridhar M, Taylor R, Dawson S, Roberts NJ, Partridge MR. A nurse led intermediate care package in patients who have been hospitalised with an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax. 2008;63:194–200.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Stein BD, Charbeneau JT, Lee TA, Schumock GT, Lindenauer PK, Bautista A, et al. Hospitalizations for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: how you count matters. COPD. 2010;7:164–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Tanriverdi H, Besir H, Pekbak G. Direct costs of acute exacerbation of COPD patients in a second level hospital. Chest. 2012;142:A659.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  125. Tsai CL, Lee WY, Delclos GL, Hanania NA, Camargo CA Jr. Comparative effectiveness of noninvasive ventilation vs invasive mechanical ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with acute respiratory failure. J Hosp Med. 2013;8:165–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Veettil SK, Salmiah MA, Rajiah K, Suresh Kumar BR. Cost of acute exacerbation of COPD in patients attending government hospital in Kerala, India. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2012;4(Suppl 3):659–61.

    Google Scholar 

  127. Vitacca M, Bianchi L, Bazza A, Clini EM. Advanced COPD patients under home mechanical ventilation and/or long term oxygen therapy: Italian healthcare costs. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2011;75:207–14.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. Vitacca M, Bianchi L, Guerra A, Fracchia C, Spanevello A, Balbi B, et al. Tele-assistance in chronic respiratory failure patients: a randomised clinical trial. Eur Respir J. 2009;33:411–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. Wang Y, Humerfelt S, Lurås H, Dahl FA, Stavem K, Haugen T. Readmissions after hospitalization for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In: Presented at the 19th European Respiratory Society Conference, Vienna, 12–16 Sep 2009. http://www.ers-education.org/Media/Media.aspx?idMedia=139915. Accessed 10 Jul 2014.

  130. Yang HY, Wu J, Zheng Y, Xie K, Jin L, Xie J, et al. Economic burden associated with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China. Value Health. 2012;15:A54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Funding for this study was provided by GlaxoSmithKline. All listed authors met the criteria for authorship set forth by the International Committee for Medical Journal Editors. Editorial support, in the form of development, assembling tables and figures, collating author comments, copyediting, fact checking, and referencing, was provided by Dr Annirudha Chillar of Cactus Communications Inc., and was funded by GlaxoSmithKline.

Support and financial disclosure declaration

Funding for this study was provided by GlaxoSmithKline. Yogesh Suresh Punekar is employed by GlaxoSmithKline and owns stocks in the company. Kunal Srivastava, Deepika Thakur, and Sheetal Sharma are employed by Parexel (Heron Health), which was commissioned by GlaxoSmithKline to undertake the research for this systematic review. The authors state that they have full control of all primary data and they agree to allow the journal to review their data if requested.

Author contributions

Kunal Srivastava, Deepika Thakur, and Sheetal Sharma contributed equally in designing the study protocol, methodology, analysis, and manuscript writing. Yoghesh Suresh Punekar contributed in designing the study protocol, methodology, and manuscript writing, and is the overall guarantor for the manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yogesh Suresh Punekar.

Electronic supplementary material

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Srivastava, K., Thakur, D., Sharma, S. et al. Systematic Review of Humanistic and Economic Burden of Symptomatic Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. PharmacoEconomics 33, 467–488 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40273-015-0252-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40273-015-0252-4

Keywords

Navigation