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A New Computer-Based Tool to Reduce Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions in Hospitalized Geriatric Patients

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Abstract

Background

Potentially inappropriate prescriptions (PIPs), associated with adverse drug reactions, hospitalization, and wasteful healthcare spending, are common in elderly patients with comorbidities and multiple drugs.

Objective

Our objective was to develop and validate a new tool to reduce PIPs in a hospitalized geriatric population.

Methods

This was an observational cohort study of two cohorts (development [n = 100 subjects] and validation [n = 449 subjects]) of consecutive patients aged ≥65 years admitted to geriatric wards from April to December 2012. In the development phase, data on clinical and demographic characteristics, Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI), and prescribed drugs before hospital admission were collected and processed using a tool that integrates the Screening Tool of Older Persons’ Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions (STOPP) criteria and the Micromedex™ Drug-Reax System, a drug-management platform. This tool generated a report that was provided to the treating physicians. The weight of the PIPs, as defined by the Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI), was assessed on admission and on discharge. Similar procedures were followed in the validation cohort.

Results

PIPs were independently associated with polypharmacy and with prescribing of antithrombotics, sedatives and antidepressants in both cohorts. The use of the tool led to a significant reduction of the MAI score, both in the development (median score 4 [interquartile range; IQR 1–5] vs. 2 [IQR 0–4], p < 0.001) and in the validation cohorts (median 3 [IQR 1–5] vs. 2 [IQR 0–4], p < 0.001).

Conclusion

This tool significantly reduced PIPs, as defined by the MAI score, in a hospitalized geriatric population. This strategy might be useful to minimize inappropriate medication exposure in this group.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmaceutical Department, Local Health Unit n. 16, Padua, Italy

    Anna Maria Grion, Umberto Gallo & Daniel Dumitru Tinjala

  2. Geriatrics Unit, S. Antonio Hospital, Local Health Unit n. 16, Padua, Italy

    Julia Daragjati, Michele Loreggian, Giovanna Cardaci & Alberto Pilotto

  3. Department of Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    Arduino Mangoni

  4. Department of Geriatric Care, OrthoGeriatrics and Rehabilitation–Frailty Area, E.O. Galliera Hospital, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital, Mura delle Cappuccine 14, 16128, Genoa, Italy

    Alberto Pilotto

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  1. Anna Maria Grion
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  2. Umberto Gallo
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Correspondence to Alberto Pilotto.

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No sources of funding were used to assist in the preparation of this article.

Conflict of interest

Anna Maria Grion, Umberto Gallo, Daniel Dumitru Tinjala, Michele Loreggian, Giovanna Cardaci, Julia Daragjati, Arduino Mangoni, and Alberto Pilotto declare that they have no conflicts of interest relevant to the content of this article.

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Grion, A.M., Gallo, U., Tinjala, D.D. et al. A New Computer-Based Tool to Reduce Potentially Inappropriate Prescriptions in Hospitalized Geriatric Patients. Drugs Aging 33, 267–275 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40266-015-0340-3

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