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Gehörlose Patienten im psychiatrischen Kontext

Deaf patients in psychiatry

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Zusammenfassung

Prälinguale Gehörlosigkeit hat vielfältige und weitreichende Auswirkungen auf die sprachliche, kognitive und psychosoziale Entwicklung und betrifft knapp ein Promille der Bevölkerung. Kommunikative Barrieren erschweren den Zugang zu Wissen und die Teilhabe an der Gesellschaft. Der Gebrauch der Gebärdensprache verbindet gehörlose Menschen soziokulturell. Dieses Review zeigt auf, dass hohe Prävalenzraten an psychosozialen Störungen mit oftmals komplexen psychiatrischen Herausforderungen erheblichen Barrieren in der psychiatrischen Versorgung gegenüberstehen. Die UN Konvention betreffend die Rechte von Menschen mit Behinderungen verpflichtet dieser Diskrepanz entgegenzuwirken. Spezialisierte Angebote mit gebärdensprachkompetenten Fachleuten und der Einsatz von Dolmetschern können den Zugang zur psychosozialen Gesundheitsversorgung verbessern.

Summary

Prelingual deafness has multiple and far reaching consequences for the development of language, cognition and the psychosocial dimension. Almost one of a thousand of the population is affected. Barriers in communication limit access to knowledge and participation in society. The use of sign language connects deaf people socio-culturally. This review shows discrepancies between high prevalence rates of mental health disorders with complex psychiatric challenges and barriers to mental health care. The UN convention on the rights of persons with disabilities obliges to counteract these discrepancies. Services with specialised signing professionals and the use of interpreters can improve access to mental health care.

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Fellinger, M., Fellinger, J. Gehörlose Patienten im psychiatrischen Kontext. Neuropsychiatr 28, 19–26 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-013-0088-0

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