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Das Arbeitsgedächtnis für Musik bei PatientInnen mit leichter kognitiver Beeinträchtigung und beginnender Alzheimer-Krankheit

Working memory for music in patients with mild cognitive impairment and early stage Alzheimer’s disease

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Zusammenfassung

Zahlreiche Studien haben gezeigt, dass bestimmte Bereiche des Gedächtnisses für Musik von Demenzerkrankungen kaum beeinträchtigt werden. Dabei wurde bis dato aber kaum auf die Phasen einer beginnenden Alzheimer-Krankheit (AD) eingegangen. In der vorliegenden Pilotstudie haben wir deshalb das Arbeitsgedächtnis für Musik bei PatientInnen mit leichter kognitiver Beeinträchtigung (Mild Cognitive Impairment, MCI) und beginnender AD anhand eines neu entwickelten Tests untersucht. Der Test besteht aus sieben sich fortschreitend verlängernden Tonlinien und sechs Akkorden, welche jeweils von drei ähnlichen und einem identischen Tonbeispiel gefolgt werden. 10 PatientInnen mit MCI, 10 mit beginnender Demenz und 23 gesunde Kontrollpersonen wurden angewiesen, die identischen Tonlinien oder Akkorde zu ermitteln. Dabei zeigten TeilnehmerInnen mit MCI und beginnender Demenz in fast allen Aufgaben signifikant geringere Leistungen als die Kontrollgruppe. Beim Erkennen von Akkorden war die Leistung der MCI-TeilnehmerInnen aber überraschenderweise auf demselben Niveau wie die der Kontrollpersonen. Die graduell steigende Beeinträchtigung kognitiver Fähigkeiten während der präklinischen Phase scheint diese spezielle Fähigkeit bei MCI-PatientInnen auszusparen.

Summary

A variety of studies demonstrated that some forms of memory for music are spared in dementia, but only few studies have investigated patients with early stages of dementia. In this pilot-study we tested working memory for music in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early stage Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with a newly created test. The test probed working memory using 7 gradually elongated tone-lines and 6 chords which were each followed by 3 similar items and 1 identical item. The participants of the study, namely 10 patients with MCI, 10 patients with early stage AD and 23 healthy subjects were instructed to select the identical tone-line or chord. Subjects with MCI and early AD showed significantly reduced performance than controls in most of the presented tasks. In recognizing chords MCI- participants surprisingly showed an unimpaired performance. The gradual increase of the impairment during the preclinical phase of AD seems to spare this special ability in MCI.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Psychologie, Universität Innsbruck, Bruno-Sander-Haus, Innrain 52, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich

    Manuela Kerer & Harald R. Bliem

  2. Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Österreich

    Josef Marksteiner, Hartmann Hinterhuber & Georg Kemmler

  3. Abteilung für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie A, Landeskrankenhaus Hall, Hall, Innsbruck, Österreich

    Josef Marksteiner

  4. School of Music, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA

    Guerino Mazzola

  5. Institut für Biologische Psychologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Österreich

    Elisabeth M. Weiss

Authors
  1. Manuela Kerer
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  2. Josef Marksteiner
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  3. Hartmann Hinterhuber
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  4. Guerino Mazzola
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  5. Georg Kemmler
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  6. Harald R. Bliem
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  7. Elisabeth M. Weiss
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Manuela Kerer.

Appendices

Anhang A: Tonlinien

figure a

Anhang B: Akkorde

figure b

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Kerer, M., Marksteiner, J., Hinterhuber, H. et al. Das Arbeitsgedächtnis für Musik bei PatientInnen mit leichter kognitiver Beeinträchtigung und beginnender Alzheimer-Krankheit. Neuropsychiatr 27, 11–20 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-012-0054-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40211-012-0054-2

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