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Impediments to Social Sustainability Adoption in the Supply Chain: An ISM and MICMAC Analysis in Indian Manufacturing Industries

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Abstract

Although sustainability and its adoption have been talked about for many years, attention to social sustainability in the literature as well as practice has been rather limited. In the developing countries, glaring social issues, such as inequality, poor living conditions, child and bonded labour, inappropriate wages and gender discrimination, combined with increased stakeholder awareness, are exerting pressure on the corporates for social sustainability. This research identifies the social sustainability barriers and their inter-relationships, so as to determine the practices that can lead to the adoption of social sustainability in the supply chain of manufacturing industries. The barriers to social sustainability have been identified through an extensive literature review and their relevance has been ascertained through a questionnaire survey and interviews with the experts. The interpretive structural modelling approach has been used to model the contextual relationships among the barriers. The findings show that lack of pressure from the employees’ unions, with high driving power and low dependence, leads at the bottom of the digraph. Lack of pressure by stakeholders occupies the second level, while lack of customer requirements, lack of pressure from social organisations and lack of zeal on the part of the skilful policy entrepreneurs are positioned at the middle level. The fourth level is occupied by lack of social concern and inadequate competitive pressure, while at the top of the digraph come lack of regulatory compliance and lack of awareness of social sustainability. The model has been developed based on the opinions of the academics and industry experts, yielding a hierarchical structure of the social barriers and their interrelationships, which is expected to help the supply chain practitioners and policy makers to address the problems in the adoption of social sustainability in manufacturing supply chain.

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  1. Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India

    V. Mani, Rajat Agrawal & Vinay Sharma

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Appendix 1: Questionnaire

Appendix 1: Questionnaire

Please spare a few minutes of your valuable time in answering the following questions in relation to social sustainability barriers in the supply chain of Indian manufacturing industries. Social sustainability in the supply chain can be defined as “the corporate’s engagement in addressing social issues such as equity, gender discrimination, wage, child and bonded labour, housing, water, sanitation, ethics, education and philanthropy in all three levels of the supply chain which includes suppliers, in house operations, distributors and customers. The information shared will be kept confidential and the information will be used for academic purpose only.

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Mani, V., Agrawal, R. & Sharma, V. Impediments to Social Sustainability Adoption in the Supply Chain: An ISM and MICMAC Analysis in Indian Manufacturing Industries. Glob J Flex Syst Manag 17, 135–156 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40171-015-0106-0

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