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Understanding Dysphagia in Dementia: The Present and the Future

  • Swallowing Disorders (RE Martin, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Dysphagia is common in patients with dementia of varying types and often results in serious health consequences, including malnutrition, dehydration, aspiration pneumonia, and even death. Due to progressive cognitive and functional decline, patients with dementia experience difficulties throughout the eating process which encompasses all aspects of self-feeding and swallowing function. Variations in underlying neuropathology and disease severity may influence specific swallow disorders observed. New functional neuroimaging modalities offer exciting possibilities to increase understanding of neural control of swallowing that will lead to design of novel treatments. Current treatment approaches include a combination of compensatory strategies for swallowing, cueing from caregivers, and modifications to the dining experience that maximize independence during mealtime. A new focus on development of treatment regimens, possibly involving taste and smell receptor stimulation and rehabilitative exercise that may be implemented during the prodromal stages of dementia, is necessary to prevent or delay further swallowing decline.

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Acknowledgments

Dr. Malandraki's work has been supported by a pilot grant from the University of Wisconsin-Madison's Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, P50 AG033514-Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center; Administrative core, Clinical core. This manuscript was partially prepared at the William S. Middleton Veteran Affairs Hospital in Madison, WI; GRECC manuscript #2014-029. The views and content expressed in this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position, policy, or official views of the Department of Veteran Affairs or the U.S. government.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison GRECC, Madison, 53705, Wisconsin, USA

    Nicole Rogus-Pulia, Sterling Johnson & JoAnne Robbins

  2. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA

    Nicole Rogus-Pulia & JoAnne Robbins

  3. Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, 715 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA

    Georgia A. Malandraki

  4. Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health (SMPH), University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2870 University Ave, Madison, WI, 53705, USA

    Sterling Johnson

Authors
  1. Nicole Rogus-Pulia
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  2. Georgia A. Malandraki
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  3. Sterling Johnson
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  4. JoAnne Robbins
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nicole Rogus-Pulia.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Swallowing Disorders.

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Rogus-Pulia, N., Malandraki, G.A., Johnson, S. et al. Understanding Dysphagia in Dementia: The Present and the Future. Curr Phys Med Rehabil Rep 3, 86–97 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40141-015-0078-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40141-015-0078-1

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