Abstract
Purpose of Review
Pediatric corneal blindness is a worldwide problem that is very difficult to address. Traditional penetrating keratoplasty is considered a high-risk procedure in this population due to the host of complications that are often encountered. Even when anatomic success is achieved with penetrating keratoplasty, visual recovery is not guaranteed.
Recent Findings
Pediatric keratoprosthesis is an alternative procedure that offers rapid visual recovery in a quiet eye without the risk of allograft rejection. Visually significant complications, including glaucoma, retinal detachments, retroprosthetic membranes, and endophthalmitis, can occur. Extreme care should be taken in selecting appropriate candidates for pediatric keratoprosthesis surgery.
Summary
Success with pediatric keratoprosthesis surgery can be achieved with a dedicated team of ophthalmic specialists and a motivated family.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance
Pascolini D, Mariotti SP. Global estimates of visual impairment: 2010. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012;96(5):614–8.
Ament JD, Todani A, Pineda R II, Shen TT, et al. Global corneal blindness and the boston keratoprosthesis type I. Am J Ophthalmol. 2010;149(4):537–9.
Whitcher JP, Srinivasan M, Upadhyay MP. Corneal blindness: a global perspective. Bull World Health Organ. 2001;79(3):214–21.
Huang C, O’Hara M, Mannis MJ. Primary pediatric keratoplasty: indications and outcomes. Cornea. 2009;28(9):1003–8.
Stulting RD, Sumers KD, Cavanagh HD, Waring GO 3rd, Gammon JA. Penetrating keratoplasty in children. Ophthalmology. 1984;91(10):1222–30.
Nallasamy S, Colby K. Keratoprosthesis: procedure of choice for corneal opacities in children? Semin Ophthalmol. 2010;25(5–6):244–8.
Vanthi M, Panda A, Vengayil S, Chaudhuri Z, Dada T. Pediatric keratoplasty. Surv Ophthalmol. 2009;54(2):245–71.
Dana MR, Moyes AL, Gomes JA, et al. The indications for and outcome in pediatric keratoplasty. A Multicenter Study. Ophthalmology. 1995;102(8):1129–38.
Aquavella JV, Gearinger MD, Akpek EK, McCormick GJ. Pediatric keratoprosthesis. Ophthalmology. 2007;114(5):989–94.
• Colby KA, Koo EB. Expanding indications for the Boston keratoprosthesis. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2011;22(4):267–73. This paper describes expanding indications for the Boston keratoprosthesis including a section on pediatric use.
Low JR, Anshu A, Tan AC, Htoon HM, Tan DT. The outcomes of primary pediatric keratoplasty in Singapore. Am J Ophthalmol. 2014;158(3):496–502.
Al-Ghamdi A, Al-Rajhi A, Wagoner MD. Primary pediatric keratoplasty: indications, graft survival, and visual outcome. J AAPOS. 2007;11(1):41–7.
Dohlman CH. Guillaume Pellier de Quengsy. In: Corneal Transplantation: A History in Profiles. Belgium: J.P. Wayenborgh, 1999;53–63
Gomaa A, Comyn O, Liu C. Keratoprostheses in clinical practice—a review. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. 2010;38(2):211–24.
Lekhanont K, Panday V, Akpek EK. Corneal surgery: theory, technique and tissue. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2009. p. 683–90.
Dohlman CH, Harissi-Dagher M, Graney J. The Boston keratoprosthesis: a new threadless design. Digit J Ophthalmol. 2007;13:6.
Waller SG, Dohlman CH. Corneal surgery: theory, technique and tissue. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2009. p. 691–6.
Cruzat, A. in Boston Kpro News Vol. 11 (Harvard Medical School Department of Ophthalmology/Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 2015).
Ciolino JB, Belin MW, Todani A, Al-Arfaj K, Rudnisky CJ. Retention of the Boston keratoprosthesis type 1: multicenter study results. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(6):1195–200.
Rudnisky CJ, Belin MW, Guo R, Ciolino JB. Visual acuity outcomes of the Boston keratoprosthesis type 1: multicenter study results. Am J Ophthalmol. 2016;162:89–98.
•• Lee WB, Shtein RM, Kaufman SC, et al. Boston keratoprosthesis: outcomes and complications: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. Ophthalmology. 2015;122(7):1504–11. This is a meta-analysis of studies reporting on the safety and outcomes of the Boston Keratoprosthesis Type I.
Srikumaran D, Munoz B, Aldave AJ, Aquavella JV, Hannush SB, Schultze R, Belin M, Akpek EK. Long-term outcomes of boston Type I keratoprosthesis implantation: a retrospective multicenter cohort. Ophthalmology. 2014;121(11):2159–64.
Zaidman GW. Corneal surgery: theory, technique and tissue. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier; 2009. p. 431–8.
Dunlap K Chak, Aquavella JV G, et al. Short-term visual outcomes of Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis implantation. Ophthalmology. 2010;117(4):687–92.
Dohlman CH, Dudenhoefer EJ, Khan BF, Morneault S. Protection of the ocular surface after keratoprosthesis surgery: the role of soft contact lenses. CLAO. 2002;28(2):72–4.
Birch EE, Cheng C, Stager DR, et al. The critical period for surgical treatment of dense congenital bilateral cataracts. J AAPOS. 2009;13:67–71.
Kang JJ, de la Cruz J, Cortina MS. Visual outcomes of Boston keratoprosthesis implantation as the primary penetrating corneal procedure. Cornea. 2012;31(12):1436–40.
Fadous R, Levallois-Gignac S, Vaillancourt L, et al. The Boston Keratoprosthesis type 1 as primary penetrating corneal procedure. Br J Ophthalmol. 2015;99(12):1664–8.
Ahmad S, Mathews PM, Lindsley K, et al. Boston Type 1 keratoprosthesis versus repeat donor keratoplasty for corneal graft failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ophthalmology. 2016;123(1):165–77.
Cruzat A, Shukla A, Dohlman CH, Colby K. Wound anatomy after type 1 Boston KPro using oversized back plates. Cornea. 2013;32:1531–6.
Botelho PJ, Congdon NG, Handa JT, Akpek EK. Keratoprosthesis in high-risk pediatric corneal transplantation: first 2 cases. Arch Ophthalmol. 2006;124:1356–7.
Bakhtiari P, Chan C, Welder JD, et al. Surgical and visual outcomes of the type I Boston Keratoprosthesis for the management of aniridic fibrosis syndrome in congenital aniridia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2012;153:967–71.
Iyer G, Srinivasan B, Gupta N, Padmanabhan P. Outcome of Boston keratoprosthesis in a developing country-importance of patient selection, education, and perioperative care: the Indian experience. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol. 2012;1(4):202–7.
• Rachitskaya AV, Moysidis SN, Miller D, et al. Streptococcal endophthalmitis in pediatric keratoprosthesis. Ophthalmology. 2013;120:1506–07. This is the first study to report infectious complications with pediatric keratoprosthesis implantation.
Bradley JC, Hernandez EG, Schwab IR, Mannis MJ. Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis: the university of california davis experience. Cornea. 2009;28(3):321–7.
Li JY, Greiner MA, Brandt JD, et al. Long-term complications associated with glaucoma drainage devices and Boston keratoprosthesis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2011;152:209–18.
Greiner MA, Li JY, Mannis MJ. Longer-term vision outcomes and complications with the Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis at the University of California Davis. Ophthalmology. 2011;118:1543–50.
Aquavella JV, Qian Y, McCormick GJ, Palakuru JR. Keratoprosthesis: current techniques. Cornea. 2006;25:656–62.
Aldave AJ, Sangwan VS, Basu S, et al. International results with the Boston type I keratoprosthesis. Ophthalmology. 2012;119:1530–8.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Disclosure
This investigation was supported by an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness. Dr. Ciralsky: Consultant for Allergan, AMO, Shire. Buntitar Lertsuwanroj, Thomas Dohlman, Jessica Ciralsky, and Ana Alzaga Fernandez declare no conflicts of interest.
Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent
This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.
Additional information
This article is part of the Topical collection on Ocular Prosthesis.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dohlman, T., Fernandez, A.A., Lertsuwanroj, B. et al. Boston Keratoprosthesis Type 1 in the Pediatric Population. Curr Ophthalmol Rep 4, 124–130 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40135-016-0103-2
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40135-016-0103-2