Abstract
In this research, Powder Metallurgy (P/M) of Duplex Stainless Steels (DSS) of different compositions were prepared through pre-alloyed powders and elemental powders with and without addition of copper. The powder mix was developed by pot mill for 12 h to obtain the homogeneous mixture of pre-alloyed powder with elemental compositions. Cylindrical green compacts with the dimensions of 30 mm diameter and 12 mm height were compacted through universal testing machine at a pressure level of 560 ± 10 MPa. These green compacts were sintered at 1350 °C for 2 h in hydrogen and argon atmospheres. Some of the sintered stainless steel preforms were solution treated at 1050 °C followed by water quenching. The sintered as well as solution treated samples were analysed by metallography examination, Scanning Electron Microscopy and evaluation of mechanical properties. Ferrite content of sintered and solution treated DSS were measured by Fischer Ferritoscope. It is inferred that the hydrogen sintered DSS depicted better density (94% theoretical density) and tensile strength (695 MPa) than the argon sintered steels. Similarly the microstructure of solution treated DSS revealed existence of more volume of ferrite grains than its sintered condition. Solution treated hydrogen sintered DSS A (50 wt% 316L + 50 wt% 430L) exhibited higher tensile strength of 716 MPa and elongation of 17%, which are 10–13% increment than the sintered stainless steels.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Z. Brytan, L.A. Dobrzański, M.A. Grande, M. Rosso, Characteristics of vacuum sintered stainless steels. J. Achiev. Mater. Manuf. Eng. 33(2), 126–134 (2009)
R. Mariappan, S. Kumaran, T. Srinivasa Rao, B. Chandrasekar, Microstructure and mechanical properties of duplex stainless steels sintered in different atmospheres. Powder Metall. 54(3), 236–241 (2011)
Naci Kurgan, Effects of sintering atmosphere on microstructure and mechanical property of sintered powder metallurgy 316L stainless steel. Mater. Des. 52, 995–998 (2013)
R. Mariappan, S. Kumaran, T. Srinivasa Rao, Effect of sintering atmosphere on structure and properties of austeno-ferritic stainless steels. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 517(1), 328–333 (2009)
C.J. Munez, M.V. Utrilla, A. Urena, Effect of temperature on sintered austeno-ferritic stainless steel microstructure. J. Alloys. Compd. 463(1), 552–558 (2008)
L.A. Dobrzanski, Z. Brytan, M. Actis Grande, M. Rosso, Properties of duplex stainless steels made by powder metallurgy. Arch. Mater. Sci. 218, 218 (2007)
F. Martín, C. García, Y. Blanco, M.L. Rodriguez-Mendez, Influence of sinter-cooling rate on the mechanical properties of powder metallurgy austenitic, ferritic, and duplex stainless steels sintered in vacuum. Mater. Sci. Eng. 642, 360–365 (2015)
Z. Cvijovic, G. Radenkovic, Microstructure and pitting corrosion resistance of annealed duplex stainless steel. Corros. Sci. 48, 3887–3906 (2006)
H.Y. Liou, Y.T. Pan, R.I. Hsieh, W.T. Tsai, Effects of alloying elements on the mechanical properties and corrosion behaviors of 2205 duplex stainless steels. J. Mater. Eng. Perf. 10, 231–241 (2001)
Acknowledgement
The authors would like to thank the Hon’ble Chairman, Veltech University, Chennai, India for providing the research facilities and also to publish the research paper.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Murali, A.P., Mahendran, S., Ramajayam, M. et al. Effect of Sintering Atmosphere and Solution Treatment on Density, Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Duplex Stainless Steels Developed from Pre-alloyed Powders. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. D 98, 219–229 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40033-016-0132-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40033-016-0132-x