Skip to main content
Log in

Investigation of zinc extraction from different leach residues by acid leaching

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

With different properties, zinc is one of the most important non-ferrous metals and it is used in various application areas, especially as an anti-corrosion agent. In Turkey, zinc production was based on zinc carbonate ores (ZnCO3), at Çinkur plant from establishment to 1997 due to high reserves of zinc carbonate. After that, zinc concentrate coming from Iran was used in this plant over the last two decades. Thus, two different leach residues called as Turkish leach residue (TLR) and Iranian leach residue (ILR) were accumulated more than one million ton in Çinkur stock piles. In this study, it is aimed to investigate zinc recovery for each leach residue by use of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and to compare the TLR and the ILR. Initially, detailed chemical, mineralogical and thermal analyses of these different leach residues were carried out. In order to investigate the effect of acid concentration and reaction duration on zinc recovery, leaching experiments were carried out at following conditions: 95 °C, 100 g/L pulp density and 600 rpm stirring rate. According to the characterization results, the chemical compositions for both residues are nearly similar; however, experimental results show that zinc recovery per cent of the ILR was higher than that of TLR for all experimental durations and acid concentrations. This may be due to the presence of Zn-containing compounds in the both residues at different percentages.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdel-Ael EA (2000) Kinetics of sulfuric acid leaching of low-grade zinc silicate ore. Hydrometallurgy 55(3):247–254

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Addemir O, Açma E, Arslan C (1995) Çinko, Sistem Yayıncılık (in Turkish)

  • Ahmed IM, Nayl AA, Daoud JA (2012) Leaching and recovery of zinc and copper from brass slag by sulfuric acid. J Saudi Chem Soc. doi:10.1016/j.jscs.2012.11.003

    Google Scholar 

  • Altundoğan HS, Erdem M, Orhan R (1998) Heavy metal pollution potential of zinc leach residues discarded in Çinkur plant. Turk J Eng Environ Sci 22:167–178

    Google Scholar 

  • Barakat MA (1998) Recovery of lead, tin and indium from alloy wire scrap. Hydrometallurgy 49:63–73

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanco LL, Zapata VM, Garcia DDJ (1999) Statistical analysis of laboratory results of Zn wastes leaching. Hydrometallurgy 54:41–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farahmand F, Moradkhani D, Safarzadeh MS, Rashchi F (2009) Brine leaching of lead-bearing zinc plant residues: process optimization using orthogonal array design methodology. Hydrometallurgy 95:316–324

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Filippou D, Demepoulos G (1993) On the variable dissolution kinetics of zinc ferrite in acid. Can J Chem Eng 71:790–801

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frost Ray, Weier Matt, Martens Wayde (2005) Thermal decomposition of jarosites of potassium, sodium and lead. J Therm Anal Calorim 82(1):115–118

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Güler E, Seyrankaya A, Cöcen I (2011) Hydrometallurgical evaluation of zinc leach plant residue. Asian J Chem 23(7):2879

    Google Scholar 

  • Ismael MRC, Carvalho JMR (2003) Iron recovery from sulphate leach liquors in zinc hydrometallurgy. Miner Eng 16:31–39

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jha MK, Kumar V, Singh RJ (2001) Review of hydrometallurgical recovery of zinc from industrial wastes. Resour Conserv Recycl 33:1–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kıyak B, Özer A, Altundoǧan HS, Erdem M, Tümen F (1999) Cr (VI) reduction in aqueous solutions by using copper smelter slag. Waste Manag 19:333–338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kloss SW (1982) Application of differential thermal analysis in mineralogy. J Therm Anal 23(1–2):15–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kolta GA, Askar MH (1975) Thermal decomposition of some metal sulphates. Thermochim Acta 11(1):65–72

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li M, Peng B, Chai LY, Peng N, Xie X, Yan H (2013) Technological mineralogy and environmental activity of zinc leaching residues from zinc hydrometallurgical process. Trans Nonferrous Metals Soc China 23:1480–1488

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lin M (2000) Alkaline leaching of metal melting industry wastes and separation of zinc and lead in the leach solution. J Environ Sci 12:452–457

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liptay G (1971) Atlas of thermo analytical curves. Heyden and Son, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Núñez C, Viñals J (1984) Kinetics of leaching of zinc ferrite in aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions. Metall Trans B 15:221–228

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olper M (1993) The EZINEX process—a new and advanced way for electrowinning zinc from chloride solution. Melbourne, pp 491–494

  • Oustadakis P, Tsakiridis PE, Katsiapi A, Agatzini-Leonardou S (2010) Hydrometallurgical process for zinc recovery from electric arc furnace dust (EAFD): part I: characterization and leaching by diluted sulphuric acid. J Hazard Mater 179:1–7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Raghavan R, Mohanan PK, Patnaik SC (1998) Innovative processing techniques to produce zinc concentrate from zinc leach residue with simultaneous recovery of lead and silver. Hydrometallurgy 48:225–237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruşen A, Sunkar AS, Topkaya YA (2008) Zinc and lead extraction from Çinkur leach residues by using hydrometallurgical method. Hydrometallurgy 93:45–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Safarzadeh MS, Moradkhani D, Ilkchi MO, Golshan NH (2008) Determination of the optimum conditions for the leaching of Cd–Ni residues from electrolytic zinc plant using statistical design of experiments. Sep Purif Technol 58:367–376

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Şahin M, Erdem M (2015) Cleaning of high lead bearing zinc leaching residues by recovery of lead with alkaline leaching. Hydrometallurgy 153:170–178

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sajadi Seyed Ali Akbar (2011) A comparative investigation of lead sulfate and lead oxide sulfate study of morphology and thermal decomposition. Am J Anal Chem 2:206–211

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarrafi A, Rahmati B, Hassani HR, Shirazi HHA (2004) Recovery of copper from reverberatory furnace slag by flotation. Miner Eng 17:457–459

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sethurajan M, Huguenot D, Jain R, Lens PN, Horn HA, Figueiredo LH, Van Hullebusch ED (2016) Leaching and selective zinc recovery from acidic leachates of zinc metallurgical leach residues. J Hazard Mater. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.028

    Google Scholar 

  • Souza ADD, Pina PDS, Lima EVDO, Da Silva CA, Leão VA (2007) Kinetics of sulphuric acid leaching of a zinc silicate calcine. Hydrometallurgy 89(3):337–345

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Todor DN (1976) thermal analysis of minerals. Abacus press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Turan DM, Altundoğan HS, Tümen F (2004) Recovery of zinc and lead from zinc plant residues. Hydrometallurgy 75:169–176

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xia DK, Pickles CA (1999) Caustic roasting and leaching of electric arc furnace dust. Can Metall Q 38:175–186

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Youchi Z, Stanforth R (2000) Extraction of zinc from zinc ferrites by fusion with caustic soda. Miner Eng 13:1417–1421

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang C, Wang J, Bai J, Zhao Y (2012) Recovering of zinc from solid waste bearing sphalerite or zinc ferrite by mechano-chemical extraction in alkaline solution. Procedia Environ Sci 16:786–790

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank the Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University Scientific Research Council for their financial support with project no KMU-BAP-04-M-15.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Rüşen.

Ethics declarations

Funding

Funding was provided by Karamanog˘lu Mehmetbey University (Grant No. KMU-BAP-04-M15).

Additional information

Editorial responsibility: M. Abbaspour.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Rüşen, A., Topçu, M.A. Investigation of zinc extraction from different leach residues by acid leaching. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 15, 69–80 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-017-1365-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-017-1365-4

Keywords

Navigation