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Performance of Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) Biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on Weeds

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Abstract

Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is regarded as a pest with a large number of hosts, including crops and weeds. The performance of this whitefly on seven weeds was evaluated in order to identify the most suitable host. The following weeds that are very common in intense agricultural areas in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, were selected for this study: spurge (Euphorbia heterophylla), beggarticks (Bidens pilosa), red tasselflower (Emilia sonchifolia), small-flower galinsoga (Galinsoga parviflora), pigweed (Amaranthus viridis), black nightshade (Solanum americanum), and morning glory (Ipomoea sp.). In free-choice tests, adult preference and oviposition were greatest on spurge. In contrast, morning glory was the least attractive and least oviposited plant. In assays carried out for egg–adult development, egg viability was greater than 87% over all weeds, whereas nymph viability ranged from 74 to 97%. The developmental period from egg to adult ranged from 26.7 to 49.1 days among the hosts under study. The lowest nymph density rate was observed for beggarticks and morning glory. Cluster analysis resulted in a single group formed by spurge, indicating its superiority as a host for B. tabaci biotype B. Even though the parameters evaluated indicate that spurge is the most suitable host among the weeds, all the others allow the reproduction of B. tabaci biotype B. For this reason, they should be observed during cropping and the intercrop period in areas infested by this whitefly.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. Jorge Braz Torres for the helpful comments to improve this manuscript, Dr. Robert Deuber for his comments on the weeds, the CAPES Foundation for the financial support, and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for the research productivity fellowship to the second author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Fitossanidade, Instituto Agronômico (IAC), Campinas, SP, Brasil

    L D M Sottoriva & A L Lourenção

  2. Centro de Recursos Genéticos Vegetais, Instituto Agronômico (IAC), Campinas, SP, Brasil

    C A Colombo

Authors
  1. L D M Sottoriva
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  2. A L Lourenção
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  3. C A Colombo
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Correspondence to A L Lourenção.

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Edited by Jorge B Torres – UFRPE

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Sottoriva, L.D.M., Lourenção, A.L. & Colombo, C.A. Performance of Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) Biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on Weeds. Neotrop Entomol 43, 574–581 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-014-0238-5

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