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Biochemical and immunological aspects of protein aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases

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Abstract

Protein aggregation is commonly associated with a large number of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and other types of pathological conditions. Misfolding and aggregation of a number of peptides and proteins have been found to occur under these conditions. In the present review, some mechanistic features of the events related to the type of structure–function relationships which may define the outcome of the abnormal conditions are discussed. The immunological responses to the aggregates and possible therapeutic strategies for prevention or control of the diseases are also reviewed. Protein aggregation and its effect on human body have become an important issue over the last two decades. Many diseases in human are related to aggregation and misfolding of different kinds of proteins; therefore, diagnosis of causes of the aggregation and their mechanisms which provoke it are important. This review describes the relations between structures and functions of already aggregated proteins, as well as proteins, which only enter initial stages of aggregation. The consequences of aggregations, which provoke many kinds of neurodegenerative disorders, are explained in details and some factors that may influence their severity are described. In addition, the immunologic responses to these aggregates are discussed. Suggestions of plausible therapies of preventing or slowing down the protein condensation diseases are presented.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful for the financial support from the Kharazmi University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

    Fatemeh Shojaei & Adeleh Divsalar

  2. Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran

    Naemeh Tavakolinia

  3. FIP, BIA, URA 1268, Institut de la Recherche Agronomique, Nantes, France

    Thomas Haertlé

  4. Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Akbar Saboury

  5. Center of Excellence in Biothermodynamics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Akbar Saboury

  6. School of Medicine Stanford, University, Stanford, USA

    Mohsen Nemat-Gorgani

  7. Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Maria Pia Abbracchio

Authors
  1. Fatemeh Shojaei
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  2. Naemeh Tavakolinia
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  3. Adeleh Divsalar
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  4. Thomas Haertlé
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  5. Ali Akbar Saboury
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  6. Mohsen Nemat-Gorgani
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  7. Maria Pia Abbracchio
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Correspondence to Adeleh Divsalar.

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Shojaei, F., Tavakolinia, N., Divsalar, A. et al. Biochemical and immunological aspects of protein aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases. J IRAN CHEM SOC 11, 1503–1512 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-014-0491-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-014-0491-x

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