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Sesuvium portulacastrum, a plant for drought, salt stress, sand fixation, food and phytoremediation. A review

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Abstract

Sesuvium portulacastrum L. is a pioneer plant species, used for sand-dune fixation, desalination and phytoremediation along coastal regions. The plant tolerates abiotic constraints such as salinity, drought and toxic metals. S. portulacastrum is also used as a vegetable, fodder for domestic animals and as an ornamental plant. S. portulacastrum grows luxuriantly at 100–400 mM NaCl concentrations. It further grows at severe salinity of 1000 mM NaCl without any toxic symptoms on the leaves. The plant also produces 20-hydroxyecdysone, an insect molting hormone for use in sericulture industry. This review analyses research undertaken during last two to three decades in physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology and biotechnology, to unravel the plasticity of the plant tolerance mechanism. Physiological and biochemical studies evidence the tolerance potential of the plant to abiotic stresses and reveal molecular mechanisms of stress tolerance. Biotechnological studies show the efficacy of the plant to produce pharmaceuticals. Large-scale multiplication of S. portulacastrum in the arid and semiarid regions should reduce the load of saline salts and heavy metals.

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Abbreviations

20E:

20-Hydroxyecdysone

ADP:

Adenosine 5′-diphosphate

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

ASC:

Ascorbate

ATP:

Adenosine 5′-triphosphate

CAT:

Catalase

DHA:

Dehydroascorbate

dS:

DesiSiemens

FBA:

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase

GSH:

Glutathione (reduced)

GSSG:

Glutathione (oxidised)

KUE:

Potassium use efficiency

MPa:

MegaPascal

MS:

Murashige and Skoog basal medium

NADH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced

NADME:

NAD-mallic enzyme

NADP:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

NADPH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate Reduced

PC3:

Phytochelatin 3

PS:

Photosystem

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

SQDG:

Sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerol

SSH:

Suppressive subtractive hybridisation

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shri Shiv Chhatrapati College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Bodkenagar, Junnar, Tal. Junnar, Dist. Pune, 410 502, India

    Vinayak H. Lokhande & Tukaram D. Nikam

  2. Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Padmashree Dr. D. Y. Patil University, C. B. D. Belapur, Navi Mumbai, 400614, India

    Bhoomi K. Gor & Neetin S. Desai

  3. Functional Plant Biology Section, Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400 085, India

    Penna Suprasanna

  4. Department of Botany, University of Pune, Pune, 411007, India

    Tukaram D. Nikam

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  1. Vinayak H. Lokhande
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  3. Neetin S. Desai
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Correspondence to Penna Suprasanna.

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Vinayak H. Lokhande and Bhoomi K. Gor have contributed equally to this work.

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Lokhande, V.H., Gor, B.K., Desai, N.S. et al. Sesuvium portulacastrum, a plant for drought, salt stress, sand fixation, food and phytoremediation. A review. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 33, 329–348 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-012-0113-x

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