Skip to main content
Log in

Diverse and recombinant begomoviruses and various satellites are associated with Bhendi yellow vein mosaic disease of okra in India

  • Short Communication
  • Published:
Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Bhendi/Okra, a common vegetable in the Indian subcontinent, is highly susceptible to the viral disease Bhendi yellow vein mosaic disease (BYVMD), resulting in considerable yield loss to the crop. As a first step towards formulating novel strategies against BYVMD, the identities of the viruses and associated satellite molecules were investigated in BYVMD-affected okra leaf samples taken from ten widely separated locations in India. The amplified nucleotide sequence representing the viral coat protein from the samples indicated the presence of the begomoviruses Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus (BYVMV) in seven and Mesta yellow vein mosaic virus (MeYVMV) in three samples. Subsequent analysis of the full-length viral sequences revealed the presence of a recombinant viral DNA, having MeYVMV and Malvastrum yellow vein Yunnan virus (MYVYNV), a virus not previously reported from India, as parents. Betasatellite sequences were very similar to previous reports. Analysis of the symptomatic samples by Rolling circle amplification showed, in addition to BYVMV-like sequences, begomoviral sequences reported earlier from cotton and mint and alphasatellites reported previously from cotton and Cyamopsis tetragonoloba were also present. This study indicated that the diversity of begomoviruses and satellites associated with BYVMD is much higher than previously thought.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Abbreviations

BYVMV:

Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus

CP:

Coat protein

MYVYNV:

Malvastrum yellow vein Yunnan virus

MeYVMV:

Mesta yellow vein mosaic virus

OELCuV:

Okra enation leaf curl virus

RCA:

Rolling circle amplification

References

  • Akhtar S, Khan AJ, Singh AS, Briddon RW (2014) Identification of a disease complex involving a novel monopartite begomovirus with beta- and alphasatellites associated with okra leaf curl disease in Oman. Arch Virol 159:1199–1205

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Altschul SF, Gish W, Miller W, Myers EW, Lipman DJ (1990) Basic local alignment search tool. J Mol Biol 215:403–410

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Briddon RW, Bull SE, Amin I, Mansoor S, Bedford ID, Rishi N, Siwatch SS, Zafar Y, Abdel-Salam AM, Markham PG (2004) Diversity of DNA 1: a satellite-like molecule associated with monopartite begomovirus-DNA beta complexes. Virology 324:462–474

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Briddon RW, Bull SE, Mansoor S, Amin I, Markham PG (2002) Universal primers for the PCR-mediated amplification of DNA β. Mol Biotechnol 20:315–318

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chandran SA, Packialakshmi RM, Subhalakshmi K, Prakash C, Poovannan K, Prabu AN, Gopal P, Usha R (2013) First report of an alphasatellite associated with Okra enation leaf curl virus. Virus Genes 46:585–587

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fondong VN (2013) Geminivirus protein structure and function. Mol Plant Pathol 14:635–649

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ghosh R, Paul S, Ghosh SK, Roy A (2009) An improved method of DNA isolation suitable for PCR-based detection of begomoviruses from jute and other mucilaginous plants. J Virol Methods 159:34–39

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gronenborn B (2004) Nanoviruses: genome organisation and protein function. Vet Microbiol 98:103–109

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haible D, Kober S, Jeske H (2006) Rolling circle amplification revolutionizes diagnosis and genomics of geminiviruses. J Virol Methods 135:9–16

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heath L, van der Walt E, Varsani A, Martin DP (2006) Recombination patterns in aphthoviruses mirror those found in other picornaviruses. J Virol 80:11827–11832

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Idris AM, Shahid MS, Briddon RW, Khan AJ, Zhu JK, Brown JK (2011) An unusual alphasatellite associated with monopartite begomoviruses attenuates symptoms and reduces betasatellite accumulation. J Gen Virol 92:706–717

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang T, Zhou X (2005) Molecular characterization of a distinct begomovirus species and its associated satellite DNA isolated from Malvastrum coromandelianum in China. Virus Genes 31:43–48

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jose J, Usha R (2003) Bhendi yellow vein Mosaic disease in india is caused by association of a DNA β satellite with a begomovirus. Virology 305:310–317

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar J, Kumar A, Roy JK, Tuli R, Khan JA (2010) Identification and molecular characterization of begomovirus and associated satellite DNA molecules infecting Cyamopsis tetragonoloba. Virus Genes 41:118–125

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Larkin MA, Blackshields G, Brown NP et al (2007) Clustal W and clustal X version 2.0. Bioinformatics 23:2947–2948

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leke WN, Sattar MN, Ngane EB, Ngeve JM, Kvarnheden A, Brown JK (2013) Molecular characterization of begomoviruses and DNA satellites associated with okra leaf curl disease in Cameroon. Virus Res 174:116–125

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mansoor S, Khan SH, Bashir A, Zafar Y, Malik KA, Briddon RW, Stanley J, Markham PG (1999) Identification of a novel circular single-stranded DNA associated with cotton leaf curl disease in Pakistan. Virology 259:190–199

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nawaz-ul-Rehman MS, Nahid N, Mansoor S, Briddon RW, Fauquet CM (2010) Post-transcriptional gene silencing suppressor activity of two non-pathogenic alphasatellites associated with a begomovirus. Virology 405:300–308

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saeed M, Behjatnia SAA, Mansoor S, Zafar Y, Hasnain S, Rezaian MA (2005) A single complementary-sense transcript of a geminiviral DNA β satellite is determinant of pathogenicity. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 18:7–14

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sanz AI, Fraile A, García-Arenal F, Zhou X, Robinson DJ, Khalid S, Butt T, Harrison BD (2000) Multiple infection, recombination and genome relationships among begomovirus isolates found in cotton and other plants in Pakistan. J Gen Virol 81:1839–1849

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saunders K, Norman A, Gucciardo S, Stanley J (2004) The DNA beta satellite component associated with ageratum yellow vein disease encodes an essential pathogenicity protein (betaC1). Virology 324:37–47

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taware SD, Thengane RJ, Harke SN, Taware AS (2010) Genome sequence analysis of DNA-A from okra yellow vein mosaic virus isolates. Int J Curr Res 8:096–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiendrébéogo F, Lefeuvre P, Hoareau M, Villemot J, Konaté G, Traoré AS, Barro N, Traoré VS, Reynaud B, Traoré O, Lett JM (2010) Molecular diversity of cotton leaf curl Gezira virus isolates and their satellite DNAs associated with okra leaf curl disease in Burkina Faso. Virol J 7:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Venkataravanappa V, Reddy CNL, Jalali S, Krishna Reddy MK (2012) Molecular characterization of distinct bipartite begomovirus infecting bhendi (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) in India. Virus Genes 44:522–535

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Venkataravanappa V, Reddy CNL, Jalali S, Reddy MK (2013) Molecular characterization of a new species of begomovirus associated with yellow vein mosaic of bhendi (Okra) in Bhubaneswar, India. Eur J Plant Pathol 136:811–822

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zaffalon V, Mukherjee SK, Reddy VS, Thompson JR, Tepfer M (2012) A survey of geminiviruses and associated satellite DNAs in the cotton-growing areas of northwestern India. Arch Virol 157:483–495

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was funded jointly by grants provided by University of Delhi and Bejo Sheetal Seeds, Jalna, Maharashtra. RR acknowledges the research fellowship provided by CSIR, New Delhi. The authors confirm that there are no potential conflicts of interest related to this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Indranil Dasgupta.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Table SI

(DOC 31 kb)

Table SII

(DOC 36 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Rishishwar, R., Mazumdar, B. & Dasgupta, I. Diverse and recombinant begomoviruses and various satellites are associated with Bhendi yellow vein mosaic disease of okra in India. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 24, 470–475 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-015-0305-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-015-0305-y

Keywords

Navigation