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Early suppressive antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection is associated with measurable changes in the corpus callosum

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of early suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) on brain structure and neurocognitive outcomes. We conducted an observational study of subjects within 1 year of HIV infection. Ten ART-naïve and 10 ART-suppressed individuals were matched for age and infection duration and age-matched to 10 HIV-seronegative controls. Quantitative brain imaging and neurocognitive data were analyzed. Subjects on suppressive ART had diminished corpus callosum structural integrity on macromolecular and microstructural imaging, higher cerebrospinal fluid percent, higher depression scores, and lower functional performance. Early suppressive ART may alter the trajectory of neurological progression of HIV infection, particularly in the corpus callosum.

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Acknowledgments

The Chicago Early HIV Infection Study is supported by a grant from the NIH.

Conflict of interest

B.O.T. has served as a consultant for ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences, Pfizer, and GlaxoSmithKline and received research support to Northwestern University from Pfizer. For all the other authors, no conflicts of interest were declared.

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Correspondence to Ann B. Ragin.

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Kelly, S.G., Taiwo, B.O., Wu, Y. et al. Early suppressive antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection is associated with measurable changes in the corpus callosum. J. Neurovirol. 20, 514–520 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-014-0261-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13365-014-0261-7

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