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MicroRNA: a connecting road between apoptosis and cholesterol metabolism

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Tumor Biology

Abstract

Resistance to apoptosis leads to tumorigenesis and failure of anti-cancer therapy. Recent studies also highlight abrogated lipid/cholesterol metabolism as one of the root causes of cancer that can lead to metastatic transformations. Cancer cells are dependent on tremendous supply of cellular cholesterol for the formation of new membranes and continuation of cell signaling. Cholesterol homeostasis network tightly regulates this metabolic need of cancer cells on cholesterol and other lipids. Genetic landscape is also shared between apoptosis and cholesterol metabolism. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the new fine tuners of signaling pathways and cellular processes and are known for their ability to post-transcriptionally repress gene expression in a targeted manner. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the cross talk between apoptosis and cholesterol metabolism via miRNAs. In addition, we also emphasize herein recent therapeutic modulations of specific miRNAs and their promising potential for the treatment of deadly diseases including cancer and cholesterol related pathologies. Understanding of the impact of miRNA-based regulation of apoptosis and metabolic processes is still at its dawn and needs further research for the development of future miRNA-based therapies. As both these physiological processes affect cellular homeostasis, we believe that this comprehensive summary of miRNAs modulating both apoptosis and cholesterol metabolism will open uncharted territory for scientific exploration and will provide the foundation for discovering novel drug targets for cancer and metabolic diseases.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge INSPIRE Faculty fellowship awarded to Y.K.A (Code-IFA 13-LSBM-90) by the Department of Science and Technology and Indian National Science Academy (INSA), India, and National Brain Research Centre (NBRC) core funds, Manesar. We also acknowledge GENCODE-C, BSC0123 from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). The funding agency had no role in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to submit the article for publication. The authors apologize for their inability to discuss and cite all relevant papers owing to space constraints.

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  1. Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, 122051, India

    Yogita K. Adlakha

  2. Functional Genomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, 110007, India

    Neeru Saini

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Adlakha, Y.K., Saini, N. MicroRNA: a connecting road between apoptosis and cholesterol metabolism. Tumor Biol. 37, 8529–8554 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-016-4988-z

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