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Genes involved in keratinization, keratinocyte and epithelium differentiation are aberrantly regulated in oral lichen planus

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Abstract

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common inflammatory oral mucosal disease and a potential premalignant status of oral squamous cell carcinoma. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of OLP. The gene expression dataset (GSE38616) of OLP tissues and healthy controls was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. After preprocessing the raw data through affy package, limma package was utilized to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (criteria: p ≤ 0.05 and |log2 fold change| ≥ 2). Then, functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed by using DAVID software (criterion: p value <0.1). Besides, STRING sever was utilized to investigate protein–protein interactions (PPIs) based on which PPI network was constructed (criterion: combined score >0.4). Finally, the transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) of DEGs were predicted through WGRV software (criterion: p value <0.0001). A total of ten DEGs were identified, including two down-regulated and eight up-regulated DEGs, which were enriched in nine functions mainly about keratinization, differentiation and development of keratinocyte and epithelium. Besides, PPI network was constructed, and CXCL13 was a hub gene. Furthermore, four conserved TFBSs (AR, dlx3, ALX-3, and Msx-1) were co-existed in SLC6A14, CXCL13, and CDSN. CDSN, LCE3D, LCE3E, and SPRR2B might play a role in OLP through participating in keratinization, differentiation and development of keratinocyte and epithelium, while EIF1AY, WFDC12, and CXCL13 might participate in OLP through regulating inflammation and immunity. These predictions might promote the understanding of OLP mechanism. However, further studies are required to validate the bioinformatics outcomes.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145th West Chang-le Road, Xi’an, 710032, Shannxi, People’s Republic of China

      Qing Liu, Xinwen Wang & Jie Xu

    2. Department of Oral Pathology School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032, People’s Republic of China

      Yuan Liu

    3. Department of Stomatology, The 309th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100091, People’s Republic of China

      Wei Zhou

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    1. Qing Liu
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    2. Yuan Liu
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    3. Xinwen Wang
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    4. Jie Xu
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    5. Wei Zhou
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    Correspondence to Qing Liu or Wei Zhou.

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    Qing Liu and Yuan Liu have contributed equally to this work.

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    Liu, Q., Liu, Y., Wang, X. et al. Genes involved in keratinization, keratinocyte and epithelium differentiation are aberrantly regulated in oral lichen planus. Genes Genom 37, 751–757 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-015-0303-4

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