Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) and GO/poly(benzimidazobenzophenanthroline) (BBL) films were reduced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. UV-assisted reduction, by the removal of oxygen-containing groups from the GO and the GO/BBL nanocomposite films, was confirmed with Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. The UV reduction of the GO film in selective regions was successfully demonstrated with patterning of the letters KNU. The sheet resistance of the BBL/GO film (GO content=80 wt%) on the glass substrate was ∼106 Ω/□ after UV irradia-tion (25 mW/cm2) for ∼2 h. Furthermore, the electrically insulating GO in the BBL/GO nanocomposite film on the glass substrate became electrically conductive after UV reduction.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. K. Geim, Science, 324, 1530 (2009).
A. K. Geim and K. S. Novoselov, Nat. Mater., 6, 183 (2007).
K. S. Novoselov, A. K. Geim, S. B. Morozov, D. Jiang, M. L. Katsnelson, I. V. Grigorieva, S. V. Dubonos, and A. A. Firsov, Nature, 438, 197 (2005).
M. J. Allen, V. C. Tung, and R. B. Kaner, Chem. Rev., 110, 132 (2009).
C. N. R. Rao, A. K. Sood, K. S. Subrahmanyam, and A. Govindaraj, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 48, 7752 (2009).
J. Wu, W. Pisula, and K. Müllen, Chem. Rev., 107, 718 (2007).
J. Bai, X. Zhong, S. Jiang, Y, Huang, and X. Duan, Nat. Nano- technol., 5, 190 (2010).
K. S. Novoselov, Z. Jiang, Y. Zhang, S. B. Morozov, H. L. Stormer, U. Zeitler, J. C. Maan, G. S. Boebinger, P. Kim, and A. K. Geim, Science, 315, 1379 (2007).
G. Eda, G. Fanchini, and M. Chhowalla, Nat. Nanotechnol., 3, 270 (2008).
P. V. Kamat, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 1, 520 (2009).
B. Seger and P. V. Kamat, J. Phys. Chem. C, 113, 7990 (2009).
D. Li and R. B. Kaner, Science, 320, 1170 (2008).
W. S. Hummers and R. E. Offeman, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 80, 1339 (1958).
T. Nakajima, A. Mabuchi, and R. Hagiwara, Carbon, 26, 357 (1988).
W. Cai, R. D. Piner, F. J. Stadermann, S. Park, M. A. Shaibat, Y. Ishii, D. Yang, A. Velamakanni, S. J. An, M. Stoller, J. An, D. Chen, and R. S. Ruoff, Science, 321, 1815 (2008).
S. Stankovich, D. A. Dikin, G. H. Dommett, K. A. Kohlhaas, E. J. Zimney, E. A. Stach, R. D. Piner, S. T. Nguyen, and R. S. Ruoff, Nature, 442, 282 (2006).
S. Stankovich, D. A. Dikin, R. D. Piner, K. A. Kohlhaas, A. Kleinhammes, Y. Jia, Y. Yu, S. T. Nguyen, and R. S Ruoff, Car- bon, 45, 1558 (2007).
S. Gilje, S. Han, M. Wang, K. L. Wang, and R. B. Kaner, Nano Lett., 7, 3394 (2007).
D. Li, M. B. Muller, S. Gilje, R. B. Kaner, and G. G. Wallace, Nat. Nanotechnol., 3, 101 (2008).
V. C. Tung, M. J. Allen, Y. Yang, and R. B. Kaner, Nat. Nano- technol., 4, 25 (2009).
H. A. Becerril, J. Mao, Z. Liu, R. M. Stoltenberg, Z. Bao, and Y. Chen, ACS Nano, 2, 463 (2008).
H. C. Schniepp, J. L. Li, M. J. McAllister, H. Sai, M. H. Alonso, D. H. Adamson, R. K. Prud’homme, R. Car, D. A. Saville, and I. A. Aksay, J. Phys. Chem. B, 110, 8535 (2006).
C. Gómez-Navarro, R. T. Weitz, A. M. Bittner, M. Scolari, M. Burghard, and K. Kern, Nano Lett., 7, 3499 (2007).
X Wang, L. Zhi, and K. Müllen, Nano Lett., 8, 323 (2007).
S. Mikhailov, Physics and Applications of Grpahene-Experi- ments, InTech, Croatia, 2011.
J. S. Razieh, J. Mohsen, M. R. Ali, and A. G. Ali, Iranica J. Energy Environ., 4, 312 (2013).
O. Akhavan, M. Abdolahad, A. Esfandiar, and M. Moharashamifar, J. Phys. Chem. C, 114, 12955 (2010).
O. Akhavan and E. Ghaderi, J. Phys. Chem. C, 113, 20214 (2009).
G. Williams, B. Seger, and P. V. Kamat, ACS Nano, 2, 1487 (2008).
L. J. Cote, R. Cruz-Silva, and J. Huang, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 11027 (2009).
Y. L. Zhang, Q. D. Chen, H. Xia, and H. N. Sun, Nano Today, 5, 15 (2010).
S. Gilje, S. Dubin, A. Badakhshan, J. Farrar, S. A. Danczyk, and R. B. Kaver, Adv. Mater., 22, 419 (2010).
M. Koinuma, C. Ogata, Y. Kamei, K. Hatakeyama, H. Tateishi, Y. Watanabe, T. Taniguchi, K. Gezuhara, S. Hatami, A. Funatsu, M. Sakata, Y. Kuwahara, S. Kurihara, and Y. Matsumoto, J. Phys. Chem. C, 116, 19822 (2012).
X. H. Li, J. S. Chen, X. C. Wang, M. E. Schuster, R. Schlogl, and M. Antonietti, ChemSusChem, 5, 642 (2012).
D. A. Sokolov, K. R. Shepperd, and T. M. Orlando, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 1, 2633 (2010).
Y. Zhou, Q. L. Bao, B. Varghese, L. A. L. Tang, C. K. Tan, and K. P. Loh, Adv. Mater., 22, 67 (2010).
V. Abdelsayed, S. Moussa, H. M. Hassan, H. S. Aluri, M. M. Collinson, and M. S. El-Shall, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 1, 2804 (2010).
J. H. Park, A. Choudhury, B. L. Farmer, T. D. Dang, and S. Y. Park, Polymer, 53, 3937 (2012).
L. Yu, M. Chen, and L. R. Dalton, Chem. Mater., 2, 649 (1990).
S. A. Jenekhe and P. O. Johnson, Macromolecules, 23, 4419 (1990).
M. M. Alam and S. A. Jenekhe, Chem. Mater., 16, 4647 (2004).
A. C. Ferrari, J. C. Meyer, V. Scardaci, C. Casiraghi, M. Lazzeri, F. Mauri, S. Piscanec, D. Jiang, K. S. Novoselov, S. Roth, and A. K. Geim, Phys. Rev. Lett., 97, 187401 (2006).
Z. Y. Ji, X. Shen, Y. Song, and G. Zhu, Mater. Sci. Eng. B, 176, 711 (2011).
C. Xu, X. Wang, and J. Zhu, J. Phys. Chem. C, 112, 19841 (2008).
A. Choudhury, RSC Adv., 4, 8856 (2014).
G. Eda and M. Chhowalla, Adv. Mater., 22, 2392 (2010).
Y. L. Zhang, L. Guo, H. Xia, Q. D. Chen, J. Feng, and H. B. Sun, Adv. Opt. Mater., 2, 10(2014).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Choi, SM., Park, SY. Ultraviolet-assisted reduction of BBL/graphene nanocomposite. Macromol. Res. 23, 428–435 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-015-3059-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13233-015-3059-4