Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

50 Grams Oral Glucose Challenge Test: Is It an Effective Screening Test for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?

  • Original Article
  • Published:
The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Aim

To find out whether 50 g oral glucose challenge test (OGCT) is an effective screening test for all pregnant women between 24 and 28 weeks gestation.

Method

A 50 g OGCT test was administered to 307 unselected women at 24–28 weeks of gestation. When venous plasma glucose (VPG) concentration after 1 h was >7.8 mmol/l, OGCT was positive. Women with a positive OGCT underwent 2 h 75 grams oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as a confirmatory diagnosis of GDM. When fasting and 2 h post 75 g OGTT values were >5.5 mmol/I and >8 mmol/l, respectively, women were considered diabetic.

Results

We screened 307 women for GDM by OGCT. Total number of women with positive OGCT was 83 (27.03 %). In the low-risk group, total number of women with GDM was 9/168 (5.35 %) while the total number of women with GDM in the high-risk group was 14/139 (10.07 %). There was no significant difference with respect to the total number of women with GDM in the groups.

Conclusions

A 50 g OGCT seems to be an effective screening test for both groups. More cases of GDM can be discovered when universal rather than risk-related screening is applied.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Zargar AH, Sheikh MI, Bashi MI. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Kashmiri women for the Indian subcontinent. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2004;662:139–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Metzger BE, Coustan DR, editors. Proceedings of the fourth international workshop conference on gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 1998; 21:161–7.

  3. Ferrara A. Increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus: a public health perspective. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:141–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Al-Lawati JA, Al Riyami AM, Mohammed AJ, et al. Increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Oman. Diabet Med. 2002;19:954–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Barakat MN, Youssef RM, Al-Lawati JA. Pregnancy outcomes of diabetic women: charting Oman’s progress towards the goals of the Saint Vincent Declaration. Ann Saudi Med. 2010;30:265–70.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Negrato CA, Mattar R, Gomes MB. Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2012;41:41–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Gui J, Li A, Su X, et al. Association between hyperglycemia in middle and late pregnancy and maternal-fetal outcomes: a retrospective study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014;14:34.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Getahun D, Fassett MJ, Jacobsen SJ. Gestational diabetes: risk of recurrence in subsequent pregnancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2010;203:467.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Retnakaran R, Austin PC, Shah BR. Effect of subsequent pregnancies on the risk of developing diabetes following a first pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes: a population-based study. Diabet. Med. 2011;28:287–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Hummel S, Much D, Rossbauer M, et al. Postpartum outcomes in women with gestational diabetes and their offspring: POGO study design and first-year results. Rev Diabet Stud. 2013;10:49–57.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Metzger BE, Lowe LP, Dyer AR, et al. Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcomes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:1991–2002.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Gasim T. Gestational diabetes mellitus: maternal and perinatal outcomes in 220 Saudi women. Oman Med J. 2012;27:140–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. American Diabetes Association. Gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:88–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Practice Bulletins–Obstretrics. ACOG practice bulletin. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. Number 30, September 2001 (replaces Technical Bulletin Number 200, December 1994). Gestational diabetes. Obstet Gynecol. 2001;98:525–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Pirisi A. Universal screening for gestational diabetes? Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2013;1:13.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Chong YS, Cai S, Lin H, et al. Ethnic differences translate to inadequacy of high-risk screening for gestational diabetes mellitus in an Asian population: a cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Child birth. 2014;14:345–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Shrestha A, Chawla CD. The glucose challenge test for screening of gestational diabetes. Kathmandu Univ Med J. 2011;9:22–5.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Van Leeuwen M, Louwerse MD, Opmeer BC, et al. Reitsma JB Et al, Glucose challenge test for detecting gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Br J Obstet Gynecol. 2012;119:393–401.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Moses RG, Cheung NW. Point: Universal screening for gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2009;32:1349–51.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Davey RX, Hamblin PS. Selective versus universal screening for gestational diabetes mellitus: an evaluation of predictive risk factors. Med Aust. 2001;174:118–21.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Lacaria E, Lencioni C, Russo L, et al. Selective screening for GDM in Italy: application and effectiveness of National Guidelines. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2014; 1–7. doi:10.3109/14767058.2014.969701.

  22. Barquiel B, Herranz L, Hillman N, et al. Prepregnancy body mass index and prenatal fasting glucose are effective predictors of early postpartum metabolic syndrome in Spanish mothers with gestational diabetes. Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2014;12:457–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Al-Moosa S, Allin S, Jemiai N, et al. Diabetes and urbanization in the Omani population: an analysis of national survey data. Popul Health Metr. 2006;2(4):4–5.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sultan Qaboos University and Hospital, Muscat, Oman

    Adel Abu-Heija, Majeda Al-Bash, Noreen Ishrat & Lamya Al-Kharausi

Authors
  1. Adel Abu-Heija
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Majeda Al-Bash
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Noreen Ishrat
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lamya Al-Kharausi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adel Abu-Heija.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008 (5).

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

Additional information

Dr. Adel Abu-Heija is professor, Dr. Majeda Al-Bash is senior registrar, Dr. Noreen Ishrat is senior house officer, Dr. Lamya Al-Kharausi is senior consultant in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sultan Qaboos University and Hospital, Muscat, Oman.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Abu-Heija, A., Al-Bash, M., Ishrat, N. et al. 50 Grams Oral Glucose Challenge Test: Is It an Effective Screening Test for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus?. J Obstet Gynecol India 66 (Suppl 1), 7–11 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-015-0752-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-015-0752-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation