Abstract
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is caused by a delay in the development of the acetabular cavity, leading to an anomaly in the angle of the acetabular roof. As a result, the femoral head and the acetabular cavity do not interact normally. The identification of three cases of DDH among the remains discovered in the most recent unit from the crypt at Roccapelago (Modena, Italy) enabled us to discuss the presence of DDH in this region during the 18th century. All three cases are bilateral and Dunn class I, two have been identified as male and one as female. These DDH cases are very likely mainly due to mechanical factors such as the breech position of the foetus, perhaps associated with birth order. But given their overall similarity, they may also have resulted from the practice of swaddling new-borns. In addition, current data from the Italian Ministry of Health suggests that the incidence of DDH has remained stable in this region from the 18th century to the present. The ongoing study of remains from earlier units should bring a better understanding of the particular prevalence of DDH at Roccapelago.
Résumé
La dysplasie développementale de la hanche (DDH) résulte d’un retard dans le développement de la cavité acétabulaire conduisant à une altération de l’inclinaison du toit acétabulaire. En conséquence, la tête fémorale et la cavité cotyloïdienne n’interagissent pas normalement. L’identification de trois cas de DDH parmi les restes découverts dans l’unité stratigraphique la plus récente de la crypte de Roccapelago (Modène, Italie) nous permet de discuter de la présence de DDH dans cette région au cours du 18e siècle. Dans les trois cas, identifiés comme deux hommes et une femme, la pathologie est bilatérale et de classe Dunn I. Ces cas de DDH sont vraisemblablement principalement dus à des facteurs mécaniques tels que la position en siège du foetus, probablement associée au rang de naissance. Mais compte tenu de leur similitude globale, ils peuvent avoir été causés par l’utilisation de langes chez les nouveau-nés. En outre, les données actuelles du ministère italien de la Santé suggèrent que l’incidence de la DDH est demeurée stable dans cette région, du 18e siècle jusqu’à nos jours. L’étude en cours des restes des unités stratigraphiques antérieures favorisera une compréhension plus profonde de la particularité de la prévalence de DDH à Roccapelago.
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Traversari, M., Feletti, F., Vazzana, A. et al. Three cases of developmental dysplasia of the hip on partially mummified human remains (Roccapelago, Modena, 18th Century): a study of palaeopathological indicators through direct analysis and 3D virtual models. BMSAP 28, 202–212 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13219-015-0140-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13219-015-0140-7