Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Selenium-enriched exopolysaccharides improve skeletal muscle glucose uptake of diabetic KKAy mice via AMPK pathway

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Selenium-enriched exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 have been proven to possess effect on reducing blood glucose level in diabetic mice. To investigate the specific mechanism, we studied the effects of oral supply with EPS on skeletal muscle glucose transportation and consumption in high-fat-diet-induced diabetic KKAy mice. We found that EPS supplementation increased expressions of glucose transporter 4 (Glut4), hexokinase 2 (hk2), phosphorylation of AMP-activated kinase subunit α2 (pAMPKα2), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), and increased expression of characteristic protein of oxidative fibers such as troponin I and cytochrome c (Cytc). Furthermore, we found that EPS increased glucose uptake and expressions of pAMPKα2 and PGC-1α in palmitic acid (PA)-induced C2C12 cells. However, while EPS inhibited AMPKα2 with interference RNA (iRNA), effects of EPS on the improvement of glucose uptake diminished. These results indicated that EPS may improve skeletal muscle glucose uptake of diabetic KKAy mice through AMPKα2-PGC-1α pathway.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abel ED, Peroni O, Kim JK et al (2001) Adipose-selective targeting of the GLUT4 gene impairs insulin action in muscle and liver. Nature 409:729–733

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Carling D (2004) The AMP-activated protein kinase cascade—a unifying system for energy control. Trends Biochem Sci 29:18–24

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Chavez JA, Summers SA (2003) Characterizing the effects of saturated fatty acids on insulin signaling and ceramide and diacylglycerol accumulation in 3 T3-L1 adipocytes and C2Cl2 myotubes. Arch Biochem Biophys 419:101–109

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Fu J, Fu J, Yuan J et al (2012) Anti-diabetic activities of Acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide (ASP) in combination with metformin. Int J Biol Macromol 50:619–623

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Henriksen EJ, Bourey RE, Rodnick KJ et al (1990) Glucose transporter protein content and glucose transport capacity in rat skeletal muscles. Am J Physiol 259:E593–E598

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Hickey MS, Carey JO, Azevedo JL et al (1995) Skeletal muscle fiber composition is related to adiposity and in vitro glucose transport rate in humans. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 268:E453–E457

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Jager S, Handschin C, St-Pierre J et al (2007) AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) action in skeletal muscle via direct phosphorylation of PGC-1alpha. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:12017–12022

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Jin M, Lu Z, Huang M et al (2012) Effects of Se-enriched polysaccharides produced by Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 on alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Int J Biol Macromol 50:348–352

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Jin ML, Wang YM, Xu CL et al (2010) Preparation and biological activities of an exopolysaccharide produced by Enterobacter cloacae Z0206. Carbohydr Polym 81:607–611

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Jorgensen SB, Treebak JT, Viollet B et al (2007) Role of AMPK alpha 2 in basal, training-, and AICAR-induced GLUT4, hexokinase II, and mitochondrial protein expression in mouse muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 292:E331–E339

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. LeBrasseur NK, Kelly M, Tsao TS et al (2006) Thiazolidinediones can rapidly activate AMP-activated protein kinase in mammalian tissues. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 291:E175–E181

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Leick L, Fentz J, Bienso RS et al (2010) PGC-1 alpha is required for AICAR-induced expression of GLUT4 and mitochondrial proteins in mouse skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 299:E456–E465

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Lin J, Wu H, Tarr PT et al (2002) Transcriptional co-activator PGC-1 alpha drives the formation of slow-twitch muscle fibres. Nature 418:797–801

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Liu J, Zhang JF, Lu JZ et al (2013) Astragalus polysaccharide stimulates glucose uptake in L6 myotubes through AMPK activation and AS160/TBC1D4 phosphorylation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 34:137–145

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Lowell BB, Shulman GI (2005) Mitochondrial dysfunction and type 2 diabetes. Science 307:384–387

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Michael LF, Wu ZD, Cheatham RB et al (2001) Restoration of insulin-sensitive glucose transporter (GLUT4) gene expression in muscle cells by the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:3820–3825

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Ojuka EO (2004) Role of calcium and AMP kinase in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and GLUT4 levels in muscle. Proc Nutr Soc 63:275–278

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Patti ME, Butte AJ, Crunkhorn S et al (2003) Coordinated reduction of genes of oxidative metabolism in humans with insulin resistance and diabetes: Potential role of PGC1 and NRF1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:8466–8471

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Schiaffino S, Sandri M, Murgia M (2007) Activity-dependent signaling pathways controlling muscle diversity and plasticity. Physiology 22:269–278

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Shepherd PR, Kahn BB (1999) Mechanisms of disease—glucose transporters and insulin action—implications for insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus. New Engl J Med 341:248–257

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Sletmoen M, Maurstad G, Sikorski P et al (2003) Characterisation of bacterial polysaccharides: steps towards single-molecular studies. Carbohydr Res 338:2459–2475

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Steinberg GR, Watt MJ, Mcgee SL et al (2006) Reduced glycogen availability is associated with increased AMPK alpha 2 activity, nuclear AMPK alpha 2 protein abundance, and GLUT4 mRNA expression in contracting human skeletal muscle. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab-Physiol Appl Nutr Metab 31:302–312

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Suwa M, Egashira T, Nakano H et al (2006) Metformin increases the PGC-1 alpha protein and oxidative enzyme activities possibly via AMPK phosphorylation in skeletal muscle in vivo. J Appl Physiol 101:1685–1692

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Tang Z, Gao H, Wang S et al (2013) Hypolipidemic and antioxidant properties of a polysaccharide fraction from Enteromorpha prolifera. Int J Biol Macromol 58:186–189

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Veciana-Nogues MT, Izquierdo-Pulido M, Vidal-Carou MC (1997) Determination of ATP related compounds in fresh and canned tuna fish by HPLC. Food Chem 59:467–472

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Xu CL, Wang YZ, Jin ML et al (2009) Preparation, characterization and immunomodulatory activity of selenium-enriched exopolysaccharide produced by bacterium Enterobacter cloacae Z0206. Bioresour Technol 100:2095–2097

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Yoshioka K, Takahashi H, Homma T et al (1996) A novel fluorescent derivative of glucose applicable to the assessment of glucose uptake activity of Escherichia coli. Biochim Biophys Acta 1289:5–9

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Zhou G, Myers R, Li Y et al (2001) Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanism of metformin action. J Clin Invest 108:1167–1174

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Zhu K, Nie S, Li C et al (2013) A newly identified polysaccharide from Ganoderma atrum attenuates hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. Int J Biol Macromol 57:142–150

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Zou F, Mao XQ, Wang N et al (2009) Astragalus polysaccharides alleviates glucose toxicity and restores glucose homeostasis in diabetic states via activation of AMPK. Acta Pharmacol Sin 30:1607–1615

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB124705) and the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (No. CARS-36).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People Republic of China

    Xihong Zhou, Jingqing Chen, Fengqin Wang, Hangxian Yang, Ren Yang, Xinxia Wang & Yizhen Wang

Authors
  1. Xihong Zhou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jingqing Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Fengqin Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hangxian Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ren Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Xinxia Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Yizhen Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yizhen Wang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhou, X., Chen, J., Wang, F. et al. Selenium-enriched exopolysaccharides improve skeletal muscle glucose uptake of diabetic KKAy mice via AMPK pathway. J Physiol Biochem 70, 547–554 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-014-0334-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-014-0334-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation