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Sweet Strategies in Prostate Cancer Biomarker Research: Focus on a Prostate Specific Antigen

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Abstract

A clarion call for early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) can be addressed using new strategies such as aberrant protein glycosylation. Proteins are naturally affected by numerous post-translational modifications, mainly by glycosylation which is associated with physiological and pathological transformation participating in the development of diseases such as various types of cancer, but also neurodegenerative disorders, endocrine abnormalities, AIDS, etc. Therefore, glycoproteins play crucial role in cancer biomarker research and determination of glycosylation is nowadays one of the key analytical tasks. Predominantly used approach based on affinity assays using lectins as glycorecognition elements has become an essential part in the biomedical research with great prospects in the clinical diagnostics. Owing to their ability to specifically recognize saccharide structures, lectins can be applied for binding to different molecules and substrates such as proteins, lipids, cell walls as well as in biological materials, including stem cells and microorganisms. In order to improve the diagnostic potential of well-known cancer biomarkers, lectin-based biosensors and biochips are already being widely used for the detection of glycoproteins. In this review, we will focus on various bioassay strategies for glycoprofiling of a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with emphasis to modern and prospective techniques suitable for analysis of PSA glycan motifs as biosensors, biochips and mass spectrometry methods. All mentioned methods are suitable for applications in research, diagnosis and therapy of PCa.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the European Commission FP7 Programme through the Marie Curie Initial Training Network PROSENSE (grant no. 317420, 2012-2016). The financial support received from the Slovak Scientific Grant Agency VEGA 2/0162/14 and the Slovak Research and Development Agency APVV-14-0753 is acknowledged. The research leading to these results received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement number 311532. This publication was made possible by NPRP grant number 6-381-1-078 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of the Qatar Foundation). The statements made herein are solely the responsibility of the authors. This publication is the result of the project implementation: centre for materials, layers and systems for applications and chemical processes under extreme conditions—Stage I, ITMS No.: 26240120007, supported by the Research & Development Operational Program funded by the ERDF. This publication is the result of the project implementation: centre for materials, layers and systems for applications and chemical processes under extreme conditions—Stage II, ITMS No.: 26240120021 supported by the Research & Development Operational Programme funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).

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  1. Department of Glycobiotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38, Bratislava, Slovakia

    Pavel Damborský, Dominika Damborská, Štefan Belický, Ján Tkáč & Jaroslav Katrlík

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  1. Pavel Damborský
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  2. Dominika Damborská
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  3. Štefan Belický
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  4. Ján Tkáč
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  5. Jaroslav Katrlík
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Correspondence to Jaroslav Katrlík.

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Damborský, P., Damborská, D., Belický, Š. et al. Sweet Strategies in Prostate Cancer Biomarker Research: Focus on a Prostate Specific Antigen. BioNanoSci. 8, 690–700 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-017-0397-z

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