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Effective Potentiality of Synthesised CdS Nanoparticles in Inducing Genetic Variation on Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.

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Abstract

The present investigation encompasses chemical synthesis and characterisation (UV-visible spectra (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM)) of cadmium sulphide nanoparticles (CdS-NPs; quantum dots, possessing unique photo-physicochemical properties) and its potentiality to induce heritable phenotypic changes in Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc. (Leguminosae; annual herb with therapeutic and nutritional uses). Dry seeds (moisture content 11.41 %) are exposed (3.2, 6.4, 12.7 and 19.1 μg mL−1, 24- and 48-h durations) to CdS-NPs (size: 1.2 to 2.2 nm; shape: cubic to spherical) and bulk CdS (3.2 μg mL−1, 24 h). Dissolution potentiality measured in in vitro system (using dialysis bags) shows high diffusibility (73.5 % ± 2.04 to 77.2 % ± 3.01) from lower (3.2 μg mL−1) to higher (19.1 μg mL−1) concentrations suggesting its effective penetration in in vivo system (seeds) as well. Accumulation of CdS-NPs and bulk CdS in seedlings (Petri plate germinated) is also studied in the form of Cd2+ by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). CdS-NPs induce five phenotypic variants (two non-viable: ‘viridis’ and ‘glossy leaf’; three viable: ‘broad elongated leaf’, ‘bushy’ and ‘unbranched’) at M2. Selfed seeds of the variants segregated (either 3:1 or 1:1) at M3 in accordance with Mendelian pattern confirming them to be macromutants. The phenotypic mutants show normal meiotic chromosome behaviour alike to control plants (2n = 20) but with lower pollen fertility. The mutants bred true at M4 generation. ‘Broad elongated leaf’ and ‘bushy’ mutants are highly productive types (in relation to seed yield) in comparison to control plants. ‘Unbranched’ phenotype can be an important genetic resource for efficient breeding. CdS-NPs inducing heritable phenotypic changes open up the possibility of using them as an alternative source for conventional mutagens.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support from Department of Science and Technology-Promotion of University Research and Scientific Excellence (DST-PURSE) Programme, University of Kalyani, is gratefully acknowledged. The authors are thankful to the authority of Medicinal Plant Garden, Narendrapur Ramkrishna Mission, Government of West Bengal, India, for generous supply of seed samples. The authors are also thankful to Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (CRNN), University of Calcutta, West Bengal (for FESEM, HRTEM and DLS studies), Geological Survey of India (GSI), Kolkata (XRD analysis), and Department of Zoology, University of Kalyani (AAS analysis), for various help. The authors are sincerely indebted to the anonymous reviewers for providing valuable suggestions.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Compliance with Ethical Standards

The research does not include any animals including human beings. Informed consent in this regard is not applicable.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Cytogenetics, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India

    Sandip Halder, Aninda Mandal, Debadrito Das, Animesh Kumar Datta & Divya Vishambhar Kumbhakar

  2. Department of Botany, Pteridology-Palaeobotany Section, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India

    Sudha Gupta

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India

    Asoke Prasun Chattopadhyay

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  1. Sandip Halder
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Halder, S., Mandal, A., Das, D. et al. Effective Potentiality of Synthesised CdS Nanoparticles in Inducing Genetic Variation on Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.. BioNanoSci. 5, 171–180 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-015-0176-7

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