Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Efficacy of Simvastatin in Bone Regeneration After Surgical Removal of Mandibular Third Molars: A Clinical Pilot Study

  • Research Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

Simvastatin, a common cholesterol-lowering drug that inhibits hepatic hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate pathway, increases expression of the BMP-2 gene and thus promotes bone regeneration.

Materials and methods

A study was conducted in mandibular third molar sockets to study the efficacy of the drug by implanting it into sockets (experimental group) and observations were made over 3 months to compare the healing with the (control group).

Conclusion

The results showed faster regeneration of the bone in the simvastatin site using the gray level histogram values.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Le AD, Basi DL, Abubaker AO (2005) Wound healing: findings of the 2005 AAOMS research summit. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 63:1426–1435

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Wang EA, Israel DI, Kelly S et al (1993) Bone morphogenetic protein-2 causes commitment and differentiation in C3H10T1/2 and 3T3 cells. Growth Factors 9:57–71

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Mundy G, Garrett R, Harris S et al (1999) Stimulation of bone formation in vitro and in rodents by statins. Science 286:1946–1949

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Wong RWK, Rabie ABM (2006) Statin-induced osteogenesis uses in orthodontics: a scientific review. World J Orthod 7:35–40

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Mouhamed ALM, Ismail Mouhamed A, Sadek H (2009) Evaluation of the outcome of adding biological modifier (simvastatin) to bone grafting material. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 38(5):455

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Hassan S, Sadek H, Tantawi E (2011) Bone graft remodeling after ridge reconstruction with autogenous bone and statin. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 07(077):1047

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Katzung BG (2007) Basic and clinical pharmacology, 9th Edn, Chapter 35, pp 796–99

  8. Liao JK, Laufs U (2005) Pleiotropic effects of statins. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 45:89–118

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. LaCroix AZ, Cauley JA, Pettinger M et al (2003) Statin use, clinical fracture, and bone density in postmenopausal women: results from the women’s health initiative observational study. Ann Intern Med 139:97–104

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Whang K, Grageda E, Khan A et al (2005) A novel osteotropic biomaterial OG-PLG: in vitro efficacy. J Biomed Mater Res 74A:247–253

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Sonobe Masato, Hattori Koji, Tomita Naohide et al (2005) Stimulatory effects of statins on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Study of a new therapeutic agent for fracture. Bio-Med Mater Eng 15:261–267

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Wong RWK, Rabie ABM (2005) Early healing pattern of statin-induced osteogenesis. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 43:46–50

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Wong RWK, Rabie ABM (2005) Histologic and ultrastructural study on statin graft in rabbit skulls. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 63:1515–1521

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Ismail Fatma A (2006) Design and in vitro evaluation of polymeric formulae of simvastatin for local bone induction. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 32:1199–1206

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Wong RWK, Rabie ABM (2006) Effect of naringin collagen graft on bone formation. Biomaterials 27:1824–1831

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Nyan Myat, Sato Daisuke, Oda Mitsumasa et al (2007) Bone formation with the combination of simvastatin and calcium sulfate in critical-sized rat calvarial defect. J Pharmacol Sci 104:384–386

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Penga Chiung-Huei, Yangb Yi-Sun, Chen Kuan-Chou et al (2008) Will statin use prevent fracture of type 2 diabetes associated with thiazolidinedione treatment? A mini-review and a hypothesis. Open Endocrinol J 2:5–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kılıç Erdem, Özeç Ilker, Yeler Hasan et al (2008) Effects of simvastatin on mandibular distraction osteogenesis. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 66:2233–2238

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Tang QO, Tran GT, Gamie Z et al (2008) Statins: under investigation for increasing bone mineral density and augmenting fracture healing. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 17(10):1435–1463

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Seto H, Ohba H, Tokunaga K (2008) Topical administration of simvastatin recovers alveolar bone loss in rats. J Periodontal Res 43:261–267

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Griffiths SL, Cartmell SH (2008) Action of simvastatin on primary human osteoblasts: influences of foetal calf serum on mineralisation. Eur Cells Mater 16(3):57

    Google Scholar 

  22. Wu Z, Liu C, Zang G (2008) The effect of simvastatin on remodelling of the alveolar bone following tooth extraction. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 37:170–176

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Özeç I (2009) Re: statin-induced bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2 expression during bone regeneration: an immunohistochemical study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 107(5):605–606

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Park J-B (2009) The use of simvastatin in bone regeneration. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 14(9):e485–e488

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Ho ML, Chen YH, Liao HJ et al (2009) Simvastatin increases osteoblasts and osteogenic proteins in ovariectomized rats. Eur J Clin Invest 39(4):296–303

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Nyan M, Sato D, Kihara H et al (2009) Effects of the combination with a-tricalcium phosphate and simvastatin on bone regeneration. Clin Oral Implants Res 20:280–287

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Nassar PO, Nassar CA, Guimarães MR et al (2009) Simvastatin therapy in cyclosporine A-induced alveolar bone loss in rats. J Periodontal Res 44:479–488

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Ayukawa Y, Yasukawa E, Moriyama Y et al (2009) Local application of statin promotes bone repair through the suppression of osteoclasts and the enhancement of osteoblasts at bone-healing sites in rats. Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 107:336–342

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Rashidi H, Ellis MJ, Cartmell SH et al (2010) Simvastatin release from poly(lactide-co-glycolide) membrane scaffolds. Polymers 2:709–718

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Sugazaki M, Hirotani H, Echigo S (2010) Effects of mevastatin on grafted bone in MRL/MpJ mice. Connect Tissue Res 51:105–112

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Zhou Y, Ni Y, Liu Y et al (2010) The role of simvastatin in the osteogenesis of injectable tissue-engineered bone based on human adipose-derived stromal cells and platelet-rich plasma. Biomaterials 31:5325–5335

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Cáceres M, Romero A, Copaja M et al (2011) Simvastatin alters fibroblastic cell responses involved in tissue repair. J Periodontal Res 46:456–463

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Yang Fan, Zhao Shi-fang, Zhang Feng et al (2011) Simvastatin-loaded porous implant surfaces stimulate preosteoblasts differentiation: an in vitro study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 111:551–556

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Yin H, Li J, Yu X et al (2011) Effects of simvastatin on osseointegration in a canine total hip arthroplasty model: an experimental study. J Arthroplasty 26:8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Calixto JC, Villaboim de Castro Lima CE, Frederico L et al (2011) The influence of local administration of simvastatin in calvarial bone healing in rats. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 39:215–220

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Kim IS, Jeong BC, Kim OS et al (2011) Lactone form 3-hydroxy- 3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) stimulate the osteoblastic differentiation of mouse periodontal ligament cells via the ERK pathway. J Periodontal Res 46:204–213

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Maciel-Oliveira N, Bradaschia-Correa V, Arana-Chavez VE et al (2011) Early alveolar bone regeneration in rats after topical administration of simvastatin. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 112:170–179

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Griffiths SL, Cartmell SH (2012) Use of statins for enhancing bone-tissue-engineered grafts. Eur J Plast Surg 35:151–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Whang K, Grageda E, Khan A, et al (2005) A novel osteotropic biomaterial OG-PLG: in vitro efficacy: 2005 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). doi:10.1002/jbm.a.30370

  40. Walter DH, Rittig K, Bahlmann FH, Kirchmair R, Silver M et al (2002) Statin therapy accelerates reendothelialization: novel effect involving mobilization and incorporation of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells. Circulation 105:3017–3024

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anisha Maria.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chauhan, A.S., Maria, A. & Managutti, A. Efficacy of Simvastatin in Bone Regeneration After Surgical Removal of Mandibular Third Molars: A Clinical Pilot Study. J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg. 14, 578–585 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-014-0697-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-014-0697-6

Keywords

Navigation