Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Variability in yellow leaf symptom expression caused by the Sugarcane yellow leaf virus and its seasonal influence in sugarcane

  • Published:
Phytoparasitica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Yellowing of leaf midrib, its extending to adjoining lamina and necrosis of discoloured tissues from the tip portion are the common yellow leaf (YL) symptoms observed in tropical climatic conditions in India. As symptoms of this disease vary among the varieties, the progress of these symptoms was studied in Coimbatore from disease free status in the plant, using a newly devised YL 0-5 disease severity scale. Progress of recovery of symptoms in symptomatic leaves was monitored with a 0-4 symptom severity scale for four seasons. Detailed observations with ten symptomatic varieties have very clearly indicated a clear variation in symptom expression among them. First symptoms were recorded in leaf 1 and 2 in few plants of the cvs CoPant 84211 and B38192. Apart from yellow discoloration of midrib, reddish discoloration, pinkish midrib and laminar discoloration were recorded in cvs B38192, Co 86010 and Co 85019, respectively. Progress of laminar discoloration on both sides parallel to the midrib varied from ~0.5 to 3.0 cm in different varieties. Apart from severe laminar discoloration progressive leaf drying from the tip region along the midrib towards leaf base and bunching of leaves in the crown were identified as the severe form of disease in sugarcane varieties. For such leaf drying with characteristic pattern of ‘V’ or ‘Y’ shape and in a bunchy top, leaf yellowing was recorded up to -7th leaf and drying was recorded up to -1st leaf in severe YL-affected variety B38192. Progressive increase in disease symptom was noticed in most of the varieties till nine months after planting and later a fluctuation in disease expression was noticed among the varieties. Subsequently decrease of yellowing was observed leaving behind the dried laminar region at the tip. The correlation and regression analyses with meteorological parameters established that ~ 50 % of variability in disease severity grades is explained by minimum temperature and relative humidity in the afternoon. This study on the disease symptomology has clearly revealed variation in YL symptom expressions among the varieties and impact of prevailing weather factors on the fluctuation of disease expressions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anderson, P. K., Cunningham, A. A., Patel, N. G., Morales, F. J., Epstein, P. R., & Daszak, P. (2004). Emerging infectious diseases of plants: pathogen pollution, climate change and agrotechnology drivers. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 19, 535–544.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andrianifahanana, M., Lovins, K., Dute, R., Sikora, E., & Murphy, J. F. (1997). Pathway for phloem dependent movement of Pepper mottle poty virus in the stem of Capsicum annuum. Phytopathology, 87, 892–898.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chakraborty, S. (2005). Potential impact of climate change on plant– pathogen interactions. Australasian Plant Pathology, 34, 443–448.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, N. H., Su, C. L., Carter, S. A., & Nelson, R. S. (2000). Vascular invasion routes and systemic accumulation patterns of tobacco mosaic virus in Nicotiana benthamiana. Plant J, 23, 349–362.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chinnaraja, C., Viswanathan, R., Sathyabhama, M., Parameswari, B., Bagyalakshmi, K., Malathi, P., & Neelamathi, D. (2014). Quantification of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus in in vitro plantlets and asymptomatic plants of sugarcane by RT-qPCR. Current Science, 106, 729–734.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clemence, H., Veronique, Z. G., & Frederic, R. (2013). Viral and cellular factors involved in phloem transport of plant viruses. Frontiers in Plant Science, 4, 154.

    Google Scholar 

  • Comstock, J. C., Miller, J. D., Tai, P. Y. P., & Follis, E. J. (1999). Incidence of and resistance to sugarcane yellow leaf virus in Florida. Proceedings International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, 23, 366–372.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daugrois, J. H., Edon-Jock, C., Bonoto, S., Vaillant, J., & Rott, P. (2011). Spread of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus in initially disease-free sugarcane is linked to rainfall and host resistance in the humid tropical environment of Guadeloupe. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 129, 71–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fargette, D., Konate, G., Fauquet, C., Muller, E., Peterschmitt, M., & Thresh, J. M. (2006). Molecular ecology and emergence of tropical plant viruses. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 44, 235–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Francl, L. J. (2001). The Disease Triangle: A plant pathological paradigm revisited. The Plant Health Instructor. doi:10.1094/PHI-T-2001-0517-01.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonçalves, M. C., Vega, J., Oliveira, J. G., & Gomes, M. M. A. (2005). Sugarcane yellow leaf virus infection leads to alterations in photosynthetic efficiency and carbohydrate accumulation in sugarcane leaves. Fitopatologia Brasileira, 30, 10–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grisham, M. P., Eggleston, G., Hoy, J. W., & Viator, R. P. (2009). Effect of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus infection on yield of sugarcane in Louisiana. Sugar Cane International, 27, 91–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herbers, K., Tacke, E., Hazirezaei, M., Krause, K. P., Melzer, M., Rohde, W., & Sonnewald, U. (1997). Expression of a luteoviral movement protein in transgenic plants leads to carbohydrate accumulation and reduced photosynthetic capacity in source leaves. The Plant Journal, 12, 1045–56.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Izaguirre-Mayoral, M. L., Carballo, O., Alceste, C., Romano, M., & Nass, H. A. (2002). Physiological performance of asymptomatic and yellow leaf syndrome-affected sugarcanes in Venezuela. Journal of Phytopathology, 150, 13–19.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, R. A. C. (2009). Plant virus emergence and evolution: Origins, new encounter scenarios, factors driving emergence, effects of changing world conditions, and prospects for control. Virus Research, 141, 113–130.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krapp, A., Quick, W. P., & Stitt, M. (1991). Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase, other photosynthetic enzymes and chlorophyll decrease when glucose is supplied to mature spinach leaves via the transpiration stream. Planta, 186, 58–69.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krapp, A., & Stitt, M. (1995). An evaluation of direct and indirect mechanisms for the “sink-regulation” of photosynthesis in spinach: changes in gas exchange, carbohydrates, metabolites, enzyme activities and steady-state transcript levels after cold-girdling source leaves. Planta, 195, 313–23.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lehrer, A. T., Moore, P. H., & Komor, E. (2007). Impact of sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) on the carbohydrate status of sugarcane: Comparison of virus-free plants with symptomatic and asymptomatic virus-infected plants. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 70, 180–188.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lehrer, A. T., & Komor, E. (2008). Symptom expression of yellow leaf disease in sugarcane cultivars with different degrees of infection by Sugarcane yellow leaf virus. Plant Pathology, 57, 178–189.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehrer, A.T., Meinzer, R., Moore, P., & Komor, E. (2001a). Physiological consequences of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus infection on the sugarcane plant. In: Proceedings of the XXIV Congress of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists (Eds. Hogarth, D.M.). Vol II. ASSCT Mackay, Australia: Australian Society of Sugar Cane Technologists, pp 657–9.

  • Lehrer, A. T., Schenck, S., Fitch, M. M. M., Moore, P. H., & Komor, E. (2001b). Distribution and transmission of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV) in Hawaii and its elimination from seed cane. Proceedings of International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists Congress, 24, 439–443.

  • Lockhart, B. E. L., & Cronjé, C. P. R. (2000). Yellow leaf syndrome. In P. Rott, R. A. Bailey, J. C. Comstock, B. J. Croft, & A. S. Saumtally (Eds.), A Guide to Sugarcane Diseases (pp. 291–295). Montpellier, France: La Librairie du Cirad.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, W. F., Balachandran, S., Park, J., & Wolf, S. (1996). Plasmodesmal companion cell-mesophyll communication in the control over carbon metabolism and phloem transport: insights gained from viral movement proteins. Journal of Experimental Botany, 47, 1119–1128.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Malmstrom, C. M., Melcher, U., & Bosque-Pérezc, N. A. (2011). The expanding field of plant virus ecology: Historical foundations, knowledge gaps, and research directions. Virus Research, 159, 84–94.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McElrone, A. J., Sherald, J. L., & Forseth, I. N. (2001). Effects of water stress on symptomatology and growth of Parthenocissus quinquefolia infected by Xylella fastidiosa. Plant Disease, 85, 1160–1164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moonan, F., Molina, J., & Mirkov, T. E. (2000). Sugarcane yellow leaf virus: An emerging virus that has evolved by recombination between luteoviral and poleroviral ancestors. Virology, 269, 156–171.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reynaud, B., Delatte, H., Peterschmitt, M., & Fargette, D. (2009). Effects of temperature increase on the epidemiology of three major vector borne viruses. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 123, 269–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, A. G., Santa Cruz, S., Roberts, I. M., Prior, D. A., Turgeon, R., & Oparka, K. J. (1997). Phloem unloading in sink leaves of Nicotiana benthamíana: comparison of a fluorescent solute with a fluorescent virus. Plant Cell, 9, 1381–1396.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schenck, S., & Lehrer, A. T. (2000). Factors affecting the transmission and spread of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus. Plant Disease, 84, 1085–1088.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schenck, S., Hu, J. S., & Lockhart, B. E. L. (1997). Use of a tissue blot immunoassay to determine the distribution of sugarcane yellow leaf virus in Hawaii. Sugar Cane, 4, 5–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silva, M. S., Wellink, J., Goldbach, R. W., & Van Lent, J. W. M. (2002). Phloem loading and unloading of Cowpea mosaic virus in Vigna unguiculata. Journal of General Virology, 83, 1493–1504.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, G. R., Borg, Z., Lockhart, B. E. L., Braithwaite, K. S., & Gibbs, M. J. (2000). Sugarcane yellow leaf virus: a novel member of the Luteoviridae that probably arose by interspecies recombination. Journal of General Virology, 81, 1865–1869.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Viswanathan, R. (2002). Sugarcane yellow leaf syndrome in India: incidence and effect on yield parameters. Sugar Cane International, 20(5), 17–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viswanathan, R. (2012). Sugarcane Diseases and Their Management (p. 140). Coimbatore, India: Sugarcane Breeding Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viswanathan, R. (2013). Sustainable ecofriendly disease management systems in sugarcane production under the changing climate - A review. Journal of mycology and plant pathology, 43, 12–27.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viswanathan, R., Karuppaiah, R., Kowsalya, V., Chinnaraja, C., & Malathi, P. (2012). Yellow leaf disease of sugarcane: symptom, etiology, epidemiology, impact on sugarcane, diagnosis and management. In G. P. Rao, V. K. Baranwal, B. Mandal, & N. Rishi (Eds.), Recent Trends in Plant Virology (pp. 389–411). Houston, USA: Studium Press LLC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Viswanathan, R., & Rao, G. P. (2011). Disease scenario and management of major sugarcane diseases in India. Sugar Tech, 13, 336–353.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Viswanathan, R., Chinnaraja, C., Malathi, P., Gomathi, R., Rakkiyappan, P., Neelamathi, D., & Ravichandran, V. (2014). Impact of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (ScYLV) infection on physiological efficiency and growth parameters in sugarcane in India. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 36, 1805–1822.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Viswanathan, R., Karuppaiah, R., Malathi, P., Ganesh Kumar, V., & Chinnaraja, C. (2009). Diagnosis of Sugarcane yellow leaf virus in asymptomatic sugarcane by RT-PCR. Sugar Tech, 11, 368–372.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yamori, W., Hikosaka, K., & Way, D. A. (2014). Temperature response of photosynthesis in C3, C4, and CAM plants: temperature acclimation and temperature adaptation. Photosynthesis Research, 119(1-2), 101–117.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yan, S.-L., Lehrer, A. T., Hajirezaei, M. R., Springer, A., & Komor, E. (2009). Modulation of carbohydrate metabolism and chloroplast structure in sugarcane leaves which were infected by Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV). Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 73, 78–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ziska, L. H., & Runion, G. B. (2007). Future weed, pest, and disease problems for plants. In P. C. D. Newton, R. A. Carran, G. R. Edwards, & P. A. Niklaus (Eds.), Agroecosystems in a Changing Climate (pp. 261–287). Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Dr. N. V. Nair, the Director of the Institute for providing necessary facilities and support to carry out the work. Financial assistance received from Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi under NCS-TCP is gratefully acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Pathology Section, Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Coimbatore, 641007, India

    C. Chinnaraja & R. Viswanathan

Authors
  1. C. Chinnaraja
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. Viswanathan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. Viswanathan.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary table 1

(DOC 126 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chinnaraja, C., Viswanathan, R. Variability in yellow leaf symptom expression caused by the Sugarcane yellow leaf virus and its seasonal influence in sugarcane. Phytoparasitica 43, 339–353 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-015-0468-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-015-0468-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation