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Combined effects of sodium chloride, citric acid, and autoclave conditions on apparent in vivo digestibility of rapeseed meal and macrophyte meal determined in common carp Cyprinus carpio

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Abstract

Rapeseed meal (RM) and macrophyte meal (MM; made from Egeria densa) were autoclaved (120 °C) for 10 or 60 min, either before or after NaCl (Na) or citric acid (Cit) supplementation in order to increase their nutritive values as fish feed ingredients. Effects of these supplements and treatments were evaluated by measuring the in vivo apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP), organic matter, dry matter, and the net absorption of selected minerals using common carp Cyprinus carpio. The results showed that supplemental Na increased digestibility of CP, organic matter, and dry matter, and the absorption of P in RM, which is low in Na. Supplemental Cit increased the absorption of P and other minerals in both RM and MM. The timing of autoclaving was important for RM when Cit was added in order to increase the digestibility of CP, organic matter, and dry matter, and the absorption of Ca and Fe. The duration of autoclaving was also important for RM when Cit was added in order not to lower the digestibility of CP, organic matter, or dry matter. These results indicate that optimum autoclave timing and duration can vary depending on the combination of ingredients and supplements.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank A. Kosugi, T. Watanabe, N. Tanemura, and the staff of the Environmental Management Center, the University of Shiga Prefecture, for their technical advice. The results of this study were presented at the biannual meeting of the Japanese Society of Fisheries Science, Mie Prefecture, Japan, 19–22 September 2013 (abstract no. 406).

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  1. School of Environmental Sciences, University of Shiga Prefecture, Hassaka 2500, Hikone, Shiga, 522-8533, Japan

    Kazuya Ishikawa & Shozo Sugiura

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  1. Kazuya Ishikawa
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  2. Shozo Sugiura
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Correspondence to Shozo Sugiura.

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Ishikawa, K., Sugiura, S. Combined effects of sodium chloride, citric acid, and autoclave conditions on apparent in vivo digestibility of rapeseed meal and macrophyte meal determined in common carp Cyprinus carpio . Fish Sci 82, 931–939 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-016-1023-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-016-1023-7

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