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Protective effect of esculin against prooxidant aflatoxin B1-induced nephrotoxicity in mice

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Abstract

The study was designed to investigate the protective effect of esculin against pro-oxidant aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. In this study toxicity was developed by oral administration of AFB1 at a dose of 66.60 μg/kg bw/day for 90 days in male Swiss albino mice. Esculin (150 mg/kg bw/0.2 ml/day) and standard compound ascorbic acid (300 mg/kg bw/0.2 ml/day) was given after 30 min of AFB1 administration for 90 days. Protective efficacy was assessed by measuring the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH) and also by measuring activities of enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in kidney. Results were analysed at the 30th, 60th and 90th day of the daily treatments, which showed a decrease in the level of LPO and an increase in the levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The protective effect of esculin was further proved by histopathological findings as it exhibited regenerative activities in mice renal tubules against AFB1-induced nephrotoxicity. The results obtained clearly demonstrate that the protective efficacy of esculin against pro-oxidant AFB1-induced nephrotoxicity in mice might be due to its antioxidants and free radical scavenging properties.

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Abbreviations

AFB1 :

aflatoxin B1

Asc:

ascorbic acid

bw:

body weight

CAT:

catalase

CDNB:

1- Chloro-2, 4-Dinitro Benzene

DDW:

double-distilled water

DTNB:

5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitro-benzoic acid)

EDTA:

ethelene diamine tetra acetic acid

GPX:

glutathione peroxidase

GR:

glutathione reductase

GSH:

reduced glutathione

GSSG:

oxidised glutathione

GST:

glutathione-S-tranferase 2

JHAEC:

Jamia Hamdard Animal Ethics Committee

LPO:

lipid peroxidation

NADPH:

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphates

NBT:

nitro-blue tetrazolium salt

PBS:

phosphate buffered saline

PMS:

post-mitochondrial supernatant

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

TBARS:

thio-barbituric acid reactive substances

TBA:

thio-barbituric acid

TCA:

tri-chloro acetic acid

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to TMOP & M/CSIR, UGC-SAP, DST and ICMR Govt. of India for financial support and infrastructure facilities to carry out this study.

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Correspondence to Saleem Javed.

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Naaz, F., Abdin, M.Z. & Javed, S. Protective effect of esculin against prooxidant aflatoxin B1-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. Mycotoxin Res 30, 25–32 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12550-013-0185-8

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