Abstract
Hydrothermal vents at the East Scotia Ridge (ESR) were the first vents to be visually confirmed and surveyed in the Southern Ocean. A trochoid snail was recovered from low diffuse flow venting sites of both E2 and E9 segments of the ESR. Taxonomic and systematic investigations revealed it to be a species hitherto unknown to science in the skeneid genus Bruceiella, which is apparently endemic to the chemosynthetic ecosystems. The new species is characterised by a large size for the genus (up to 5 mm shell width), a very broad central tooth with moderately raised horizontal basal ridge, inner marginal teeth with one single prominent protrusion on the shaft, and is described herein as Bruceiella indurata sp. nov. Described members of the genus are known from the Indian and Pacific oceans, drawing interest to the biogeographic origins of the present new species. Closest relative of the present species is Bruceiella wareni Okutani, Hashimoto & Sasaki, 2004 from Kairei vent field, Central Indian Ridge, further indicating the close relationship between East Scotia Ridge and Indian Ocean vent fauna as has been previously suggested.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the master and crew of the RRS James Cook on-board the expedition JC42 for their professionalism and support of scientific activities during the cruise. This research would not have been possible without the tireless logistic and shipboard support of the pilots and technical team of the ROV Isis as well as the staff of the UK National Marine Facilities at NOCS, for which we cannot thank enough. We are very grateful to Prof. Paul Tyler (SOES) for leading the ChEsSO consortium and we also thank Prof. Alex D. Rogers (University of Oxford) as the PSO of cruise JC42. Sincere gratitude is directed to Dr. Ken Takai (JAMSTEC), PI of the R/V Yokosuka cruise YK16-E02, for providing the specimen of Bruceiella wareni used herein; captain and crew of R/V Yokosuka and pilots of DSV Shinkai 6500 is thanked for their efforts in collecting the specimen. Ms. Ryoko Yamazaki (JAMSTEC), Mr. Taiga Kijima (JAMSTEC), and Dr. Hiromi Kayama Watanabe (JAMSTEC) for their help in obtaining genetic sequences of Bruceiella wareni. The fieldwork in the East Scotia Sea during JC42 was undertaken under the permit S3-3/2009 issued by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, London, to section 3 of the Antarctic Act 1994.
Funding
This study was funded by the U.K. NERC Consortium Grant NE/DO1249X/1 and is part of the ChEsSO consortium. CC was supported by a Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceGrant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (18K06401).
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The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available in the NCBI GenBank repository, with accession numbers MK533011-MK533013. Specimens used in the present study are deposited in the following museums: NHMUK (20190515—20190519), MNHN (IM-2014-7031—IM-2014-70317036), and UMZC (2019.3—2019.4).
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Chen, C., Linse, K. A new trochoidean gastropod (Vetigastropoda: Skeneidae) discovered from deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Southern Ocean. Mar. Biodivers. 49, 2775–2785 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-019-01005-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-019-01005-2