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PD-1/PD-L1 as a prognostic factor in leukemia

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Abstract

PD-1 receptor is a component of the immune system that is recognized as a negative regulator of immune responses together with its ligand (PD-L1). In this study, we review the role of the immune system in leukemia cells through PD-1 and its ligand. Relevant literature was identified by a Pubmed search (1994–2017) of English-language papers using the terms “PD-1”, “PD-L1”, “leukemia”, and “prognosis”. PD-1 is an inhibitory receptor of CD28 family. Although initially introduced as a driving factor of apoptosis in the activated T cells, pre-clinical studies revealed the importance of this molecule as a checkpoint in ambient tolerance of the immune system. The ligand of this molecule is widely expressed on malignant cells in leukemia and inhibits the cytotoxic T cells. Therefore, targeting PD-1/PD-L1 can sensitize the malignant cells to chemotherapy and increase patient’s survival as a therapeutic approach. Recently, immunotherapy has shown promising results in pre-clinical studies using antibodies against PD-1/PD-L1 in different cancers, and it is hoped that the application of these antibodies in combination with other treatments (including chemotherapy) could inhibit leukemia cells and improve the patient’s conditions.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank all our colleagues in the Golestan Hospital clinical research development unit, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center of Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Hadi Rezaeeyan, Mohammad Shahjahani & Najmaldin Saki

  2. Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

    Seyedeh Nafiseh Hassani, Mojgan Barati & Najmaldin Saki

  3. Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

    Seyedeh Nafiseh Hassani & Mojgan Barati

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  1. Hadi Rezaeeyan
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  2. Seyedeh Nafiseh Hassani
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  3. Mojgan Barati
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  4. Mohammad Shahjahani
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  5. Najmaldin Saki
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Contributions

N.S. conceived the manuscript and revised it; H.R., S.N.H., and M.B. wrote the manuscript. M.S., M.B., and H.R. prepared the tables and figures.

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Correspondence to Najmaldin Saki.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Highlights

• We review how PD-1 regulates the immune response.

• The role of PD-1/PD-L1 in the evasion of leukemia cells from immune responses.

• Cytokines such as IL-6 and IFN-γ induce PD-L1 expression.

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Rezaeeyan, H., Hassani, S.N., Barati, M. et al. PD-1/PD-L1 as a prognostic factor in leukemia. J Hematopathol 10, 17–24 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12308-017-0293-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12308-017-0293-z

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