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C60 fullerene enhances cisplatin anticancer activity and overcomes tumor cell drug resistance

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Abstract

We formulated and analyzed a novel nanoformulation of the anticancer drug cisplatin (Cis) with C60 fullerene (C60+Cis complex) and showed its higher toxicity toward tumor cell lines in vitro when compared to Cis alone. The highest toxicity of the complex was observed in HL-60/adr and HL-60/vinc chemotherapy-resistant human leukemia cell sublines (resistant to Adriamycin and Vinculin, respectively). We discovered that the action of the C60+Cis complex is associated with overcoming the drug resistance of the tumor cell lines through observing an increased number of apoptotic cells in the Annexin V/PI assay. Moreover, in vivo assays with Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) C57BL/6J male mice showed that the C60+Cis complex increases tumor growth inhibition, when compared to Cis or C60 fullerenes alone. Simultaneously, we conducted a molecular docking study and performed an Ames test. Molecular docking specifies the capability of a C60 fullerene to form van der Waals interactions with potential binding sites on P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP-1), and multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP-2) molecules. The observed phenomenon revealed a possible mechanism to bypass tumor cell drug resistance by the C60+Cis complex. Additionally, the results of the Ames test show that the formation of such a complex diminishes the Cis mutagenic activity and may reduce the probability of secondary neoplasm formation. In conclusion, the C60+Cis complex effectively induced tumor cell death in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo, overcoming drug resistance likely by the potential of the C60 fullerene to interact with P-gp, MRP-1, and MRP-2 molecules. Thus, the C60+Cis complex might be a potential novel chemotherapy modification.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the technical support from Clement Blanchet (EMBL) at the P12 BioSAXS beamline (EMBL/DESY, PETRA III). The research was partially supported by Russian Science Fund (No. 14-14-00328). S. Prylutska receives financial support by the Academician Platon Kostyuk Foundation, R. Panchuk receives financial support by West-Ukrainian BioMedical Research Center (WUMBRC) and by grant of Nationl Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for young scientists.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Taras Shevchenko National, University of Kyiv, 64 Volodymyrska Str., 01601, Kyiv, Ukraine

    Svitlana Prylutska, Larysa Skivka, Yuriy Prylutskyy, Vasyl Hurmach, Olena Kyzyma & Leonid Bulavin

  2. Institute of Cell Biology, NAS of Ukraine, 14-16 Drahomanov Str., 79005, Lviv, Ukraine

    Rostyslav Panchuk, Nadya Skorohyd & Rostyslav Stoika

  3. Laboratory of Biophysics, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG-MUG, Abrahama 58, 80-307, Gdańsk, Poland

    Grzegorz Gołuński, Agnieszka Borowik, Anna Woziwodzka & Jacek Piosik

  4. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot-Curie Str., 141980, Dubna, Moscow reg., Russia

    Olena Kyzyma

  5. Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht: Centre for Materials and Coastal Research, 1 Max-Planck Str., 21502, Geesthacht, Germany

    Vasil Garamus

  6. Belgorod State University, 85 Pobedy Str., 308015, Belgorod, Russia

    Maxim Evstigneev & Anatoly Buchelnikov

  7. Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, 1090, 8A Borschkegasse, Vienna, Austria

    Walter Berger

  8. Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Technical University of Ilmenau, 25 Weimarer Str., 98693, Ilmenau, Germany

    Uwe Ritter & Peter Scharff

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  1. Svitlana Prylutska
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  2. Rostyslav Panchuk
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yuriy Prylutskyy, Jacek Piosik or Maxim Evstigneev.

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These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Prylutska, S., Panchuk, R., Gołuński, G. et al. C60 fullerene enhances cisplatin anticancer activity and overcomes tumor cell drug resistance. Nano Res. 10, 652–671 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1324-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-016-1324-2

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