Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Simulating Tire Inflation Pressure Loss Rate Test by the Ideal Material Method

  • Published:
International Journal of Automotive Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Tire Inflation Pressure Loss Rate (IPLR) test is a widely accepted test method to evaluate the tire pressure retention performance, which helps increase fuel economy and prevent premature tire failures. At present, an IPLR test usually lasts for several months, which greatly reduces the efficiency of relevant research. Several analytical models are available to estimate the IPLR value, however, it mainly considers the gauge and permeability of innerliner, ignoring the effect of other components and detailed tire structure. In order to perform a thorough study of tire pressure loss process, a finite element model was developed with the material input of both mechanical and permeability properties of various rubber compounds and tire geometry input. A creative method, ideal material method, was proposed to describe the transient pressure loss process. Through this solution, a finite element model of Passenger Car Radial tire is established to predict IPLR, with a difference from the experimental result less than 5 %. Based on the model, air diffusion path in the tire is studied to better understand the process, which explains the bubble location in tire immersion tests. The effect of innerliner parameters, including halobutyl content, gauge and ending length of innerliner, on IPLR has been investigated based on simulation models.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

A:

area, m2

C:

mass concentration, mol/m3

D:

diffusivity, m2/s

J:

mass flux, mol/m2 s

N:

amount of substance, mol

P:

partial pressure, Pa

R:

gas constant

S:

solubility, mol/m3 Pa

T:

temperature, K

t:

time, s

V:

volume, m3

x:

distance, m

φ :

normalized concentration, 1/Pa

References

  • Banks, S. A., Brzenk, F., Rae, J. A. and Hwa, C. S. (1965). Effect of intracarcass pressure buildup on tubeless tire performance. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 38, 1, 158–169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coddington, D. M. (1979). Inflation pressure loss in tubeless tires — Effects of tire size, service, and construction. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 52, 5, 905–919.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Costemalle, B. (1992). Tire pressure loss and intracarcass pressure modeling. Tire Science and Technology 20, 4, 200–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crank, J. (1979). The Mathematics of Diffusion. Oxford University Press. London, UK.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Ellwood, K. R. J. (2005). A finite element model for oven aged tires. Tire Science and Technology 33, 2, 103–119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gillen, K. T., Wise, J., Jones, G. D., Causa, A. G., Terrill, E. R. and Borowczak, M. (2012). Final Report on Reliability and Lifetime Prediction. Office of Scientific & Technical Information Technical Reports.

  • Hibbitt, Karlsson and Sorensen (2001). Abaqus/Explicit: User’s Manual. Hibbitt, Karlsson and Sorenson Incorporated.

  • Kerchman, V. (2011). Gas transport in the tire aging test and intracarcass pressure issues. Tire Science and Technology 39, 2, 95–124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martens, J. E., Terrill, E. R., Napier, R. C. and Waddell, W. H. (2015). Effect of measurement frequency and test duration on the inflation pressure loss rate of radial medium truck tires. Tire Science and Technology 43, 4, 325–337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Uzina, R. and Basin, V. (1958). Gas Permeability of Rubber Cord Systems. Kauchuk i Rezina, 17, 11.

  • Van Amerongen, G. (1964). Diffusion in elastomers. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 37, 5, 1065–1152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waddell, W. H. (2012). Effect of inflation pressure loss rates on tire rolling restistance, vehicle fuel economy, and CO2 emissions-global aanalysis. KGK. Kautschuk, Gummi, Kunststoffe, 65, 45–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, G. (2014). Study on relationship between grounding characteristics and rolling resistance of radial tire. J. Mechanical Engineering, 50, 186–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

Thanks to Bentil Asafo-Duho, (PhD. Candidate at the School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University) for his assistance in improving the Language. Appreciations to ExxonMobil’s Engineer, Owen for his help during the IPLR and Rubber permeability test.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, China

    Chen Liang, Xinyu Zhu, Guolin Wang & Liu Ji

  2. ExxonMobil Asia Pacific Research & Development Co. Ltd, Shanghai Technology Center, 1099 Zixing Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China

    Changda Li

Authors
  1. Chen Liang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xinyu Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Changda Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Guolin Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Liu Ji
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Chen Liang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Liang, C., Zhu, X., Li, C. et al. Simulating Tire Inflation Pressure Loss Rate Test by the Ideal Material Method. Int.J Automot. Technol. 20, 789–800 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-019-0074-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-019-0074-z

Key words

Search

Navigation