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The Impact of Hypergravity and Vibration on Gene and Protein Expression of Thyroid Cells

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Abstract

Experiments in space either on orbital missions on-board the ISS, or in suborbital missions using sounding rockets, like TEXUS as well as parabolic flight campaigns are still the gold standard to achieve real microgravity conditions in the field of gravitational biology and medicine. However, during launch, and in flight, hypergravity and vibrations occur which might interfere with the effects of microgravity. It is therefore important to know these effects and discriminate them from the microgravity effects. This can be achieved by ground-based facilities like centrifuges or vibration platforms. Recently, we have conducted several experiments with different thyroid cancer cell lines. This study, as part of the ESA-CORA-GBF 2010-203 project, focused on the influence of vibration and hypergravity on benign human thyroid follicular epithelial cells (Nthy-ori 3-1 cell line). Gene and in part protein expression regulation under both conditions were analyzed for VCAN, ITGA10, ITGB1, OPN, ADAM19, ANXA1, TNFA, ABL2, ACTB, PFN2, TLN1, EZR, RDX, MSN, CTGF, PRKCA, and PRKAA1 using quantitative real-time PCR and Western Blot. We found that hypergravity and vibration affected genes and proteins involved in the extracellular matrix, the cytoskeleton, apoptosis, cell growth and signaling. Vibration always led to a down-regulation, whereas hypergravity resulted in a more heterogeneous expression pattern. Overall we conclude that both conditions can influence gene regulation and production of various genes and proteins. As a consequence, it is important to perform control experiments on hypergravity and vibration facilities in parallel to flight experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, Otto-von- Guericke-University, D-39120, Magdeburg, Germany

    Markus Wehland, Elisabeth Warnke, Ganna Aleshcheva & Jessica Pietsch

  2. DLR German Aerospace Center, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Gravitational Biology, D-51147, Cologne, Germany

    Timo Frett, Ruth Hemmersbach & Jens Hauslage

  3. Department of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark

    Xiao Ma & Daniela Grimm

  4. Max-Planck-Institute for Biochemistry, D-82152, Martinsried, Germany

    Johann Bauer

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  1. Markus Wehland
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Correspondence to Daniela Grimm.

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The authors declare thy have no conflict of interest. This study was funded by the European Space Agency (ESA-CORA-GBF Project 2010-203 with Acronym Vibration) and the German Space Agency (DLR; BMWi grant 50WB1124).

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Wehland, M., Warnke, E., Frett, T. et al. The Impact of Hypergravity and Vibration on Gene and Protein Expression of Thyroid Cells. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 28, 261–274 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-015-9474-5

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