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Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Functions of Neutrophil-like HL-60 Cells

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Abstract

Altered gravity, especially microgravity affects cellular functions of immune cells and can result in immune dysfunction for long-term, manned spaceflight and space exploration. The underlying mechanism, however, of sensing and responding to the gravity alteration is poorly understood. Here, a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) bioreactor was used to elucidate the effects of simulated microgravity on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN)-like HL-60 cells. Alteration of cell morphology, up-regulation of (nitric oxide) NO production, enhancement of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) secretion, and diversity of cellular adhesion molecule expression were observed for the cells cultured in RCCS, leading to the up-regulated inflammatory immune responses and host defense. It was also indicated that such alterations in biological responses of PMNs mediated the reduced rolling velocity and decreased adhesion of PMN-like HL-60 cells on endothelial cells under shear flow. This work furthers the understandings in the effects and mechanism of microgravity on PMN functions, which are potentially helpful for optimizing the countermeasures to immune suppression in the future long-term, manned spaceflight.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by National Key Basic Research Foundation of China grant 2011CB710904, National Natural Science Foundation of China grant 31110103918, Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences grant XDA01030102, and National High Technology Research and Development Program of China grant 2011AA020109.

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    1. Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory), Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

      Chengzhi Wang, Ning Li, Chen Zhang, Shujin Sun, Yuxin Gao & Mian Long

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    1. Chengzhi Wang
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    2. Ning Li
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    Chengzhi Wang and Ning Li, both authors contributed equally to this work.

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    Wang, C., Li, N., Zhang, C. et al. Effects of Simulated Microgravity on Functions of Neutrophil-like HL-60 Cells. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 27, 515–527 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-015-9473-6

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