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Dispositional Predictors of Problem Solving in the Field of Office Work

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Abstract

It was investigated how domain-specific knowledge, fluid intelligence, vocational interest and work-related self-efficacy predicted domain-specific problem-solving performance in the field of office work. The participants included 100 German VET (vocational education and training) students nearing the end of a 3-year apprenticeship program as an industrial clerk (n = 63) which usually leads to a position in office work, lower or middle management, or a similar apprenticeship program to become IT-systems management assistants (n = 37). The participants worked on three computer-based problem scenarios dealing with operative controlling, a relevant domain to both training occupations, and completed further assessments to measure the variables listed above. Theoretical considerations, prior research and domain analyses suggested that industrial clerks would have greater domain-specific problem-solving competence (H1a) and domain-specific knowledge (H1b) than IT-systems management assistants and that domain-specific knowledge would be the strongest predictor of problem-solving competence (H2: “knowledge-is-power” hypothesis); all hypotheses were confirmed. Hypothesis 3, the “Elshout-Raaheim hypothesis,” predicts that fluid intelligence and problem-solving competence are most strongly correlated in the context of intermediate levels of task-related content knowledge, however the highest correlation was found in the group with low domain-specific knowledge. The findings suggest that intelligence plays a minor role in later stages of competence development whereas typical problem situations in later stages particularly require prior knowledge. The relationship of intelligence, knowledge and problem solving as well as limitations of the study, particularly weaknesses in the measurement of non-cognitive dispositions, are discussed.

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Notes

  1. This research was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) under Grant No. 01DB1119-23: ‘Modeling and assessing domain-specific problem-solving competence of industrial clerks’.

  2. The English occupational titles may suggest that IT systems management assistant is a higher status role than industrial clerk, but this is not the case; entry requirements, duration of training and curricular demands for the two programs are similar. In particular, IT systems management assistants are also concerned with operative controlling, however, curriculum analysis indicated that they would be less proficient in this domain as compared to industrial clerks because they spend less time on these contents.

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Acknowledgments

I would like to thank the DomPL-IK research group (in alphabetical order): Steffen Brandt, Marc Egloffstein, Rebecca Eigenmann, Kristina Kögler, Thomas Schley, Christin Siegfried, Jürgen Seifried, Detlef Sembill, and Eveline Wuttke

Furthermore, my sincere thanks go to the reviewers for providing many valuable comments.

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  1. Department of Business Education and Educational Management, University of Bamberg, Kapuzinerstrasse 16, 96047, Bamberg, Germany

    Andreas Rausch

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Rausch, A. Dispositional Predictors of Problem Solving in the Field of Office Work. Vocations and Learning 10, 177–199 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12186-016-9165-4

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