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Aktuelle Aspekte im Herzsport

Von der Historie zum Status quo

Current aspects of cardiac sport

From the history to the status quo

  • CME Zertifizierte Fortbildung
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Der Kardiologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Der Nutzen der Bewegungstherapie nach kardialen Ereignissen ist gut belegt. Neben positiven Effekten auf kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren werden zunehmend die zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen aufgedeckt. Im Fokus stehen dabei vasoaktive Einflüsse z. B. auf Stammzellen, die chronische Inflammation und den oxidativen Stress. In Deutschland ist die Struktur als sog. Rehabilitationsstraße einzigartig: Nach der Frühmobilisierung im Akutkrankenhaus und der stationären/ambulanten Anschlussheilbehandlung soll der Erfolg wohnortnah durch die ambulante Herzgruppe gesichert werden. Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen über deren Benefit liegen nur spärlich vor und zeigen vor allem eine positive Selektion der Teilnehmer. Neben der Forderung nach mehr Evidenz stellen daher die Entwicklung neuer Programme, z. B. internetbasiert, in qualifizierten Fitnessstudios, sowie die Optimierung der Bewegungstherapie für das gesamte kardiologisch/kardiochirurgische Patientenklientel die Sport- und Reha-Medizin vor neue Herausforderungen.

Abstract

The benefit of exercise therapy after cardiac events is well documented. In addition to positive effects on cardiovascular risk factors, the mechanisms are increasingly being discovered. The focus is on the vasoactive effects, e.g. on stem cells, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. In Germany the structure as a so-called rehabilitation pathway is unique: after early mobilization in the acute hospital and inpatient and outpatient follow-up recovery programs, the success of these interventions is prolonged in local outpatient cardiac rehabilitation groups. Overall, results of scientific research in terms of the benefits are still sparse and even show a positive selection of participants. In addition to the necessity for more evidence, the extension of these programs particularly to special patient groups, e.g. heart failure, internet-based counseling, involvement of qualified fitness studios, as well as optimization of the level of exercise therapy for the entire cardiology and cardiac surgery patient clientele are new challenges for sports rehabilitation medicine.

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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. C. Graf und M. Halle geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sportärztebund Nordrhein, -, -

    C. Graf

  2. Institut für Bewegungs- und Neurowissenschaft, Abteilung für Bewegungs- und Gesundheitsförderung, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Deutschland

    C. Graf

  3. Zentrum für Prävention und Sportmedizin, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland

    M. Halle

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  1. C. Graf
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  2. M. Halle
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Correspondence to C. Graf.

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Graf, C., Halle, M. Aktuelle Aspekte im Herzsport. Kardiologe 9, 67–80 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12181-014-0568-x

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