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Novel Amperometric Xanthine Biosensors Based on REGO-NP (Pt, Pd, and Au) Bionanocomposite Film

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Abstract

Amperometric biosensor was fabricated using nanocomposite film which is constructed by separate embedding of reduced expanded graphene oxide (REGO), REGO-gold, REGO-palladium, and REGO-platinum into poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-vinylferrocene) (P(Vfc0.4-GMA)), and by covalent immobilization of xanthine oxidase (XOD) on the surface of nanocomposite-coated electrode. Using these tailored nanocomposites and surface binding of XOD, it has been systematically studied to obtain optimum and most ideal system for xanthine detection in real samples. The best performance in xanthine detection was REGO-platinum-based nanocomposite electrode which is able to detect xanthine with sensitivity of 21.98 μA/μM it has linear range of 1 to 40 μM, low detection limit of 0.003 μM, and excellent response time of 2 s. At the end, fabricated electrode was subjected to real sample testing by measuring xanthine concentration in chicken and meat. Biosensor was found to be very reliable and with minimum interference applicable in meat freshness control as well.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. Durmus for experimental support and provided materials of this study. Dr. Durmus also acknowledged for previewing the article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Fatih University, B. Cekmece, 34500, Istanbul, Turkey

    Muamer Dervisevic & Mehmet Senel

  2. Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fatih University, B. Cekmece, 34500, Istanbul, Turkey

    Esma Dervisevic, Emre Cevik & Fatih M. Abasiyanik

Authors
  1. Muamer Dervisevic
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  2. Esma Dervisevic
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  3. Mehmet Senel
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  4. Emre Cevik
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  5. Fatih M. Abasiyanik
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Correspondence to Mehmet Senel.

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Funding

This work was not founded by any grant or organization.

Conflict of Interest

Muamer Dervisevic declares that he has no conflict of interest. Esma Dervisevic declares that she has no conflict of interest. Mehmet Senel declares that he has no conflict of interest. Zehra Durmus declares that she has no conflict of interest. Emre Cevik declares that he has no conflict of interest. F.M. Abasiyanik declares that he has no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

For demonstration of the bio-sensing enzyme electrodes performance in this work, chicken and beef meat were purchased from local food market. We insure readers that there are no ethical issues with human or animal subjects: This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

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Not applicable.

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Dervisevic, M., Dervisevic, E., Senel, M. et al. Novel Amperometric Xanthine Biosensors Based on REGO-NP (Pt, Pd, and Au) Bionanocomposite Film. Food Anal. Methods 10, 1252–1263 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-016-0665-5

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