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Ultrasensitive and Specific Detection of Salbutamol in Swine Feed, Meat, and Urine Samples by a Competitive Immunochromatographic Test Integrated with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering

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Abstract

Salbutamol (SAL), a kind of β-agonist which can enhance the lean meat-to-fat ratio, has been inhibited as an additive used in animal feeds for livestock production in many countries due to its harmful effect to the consumers. In this study, an ultrasensitive and specific competitive immunochromatographic test (ICT) integrated with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for the detection of SAL was described. The immunoprobe was prepared by immobilizing polyclonal antibody against SAL on the surface of Au@Ag nanoparticles in which the Raman reporter (4-mercaptobenzoic acid, MBA) had been sandwiched. After ICT procedures, the specific SERS signals generated from MBA on the test line of the ICT strip were measured for the quantitative determination of SAL. The assay was completed in 15 min. The IC50 and the limit of detection (LOD) values of the assay for SAL were 0.028 ng mL−1 and 3.0 pg mL−1, respectively. There was no cross-reactivity (CR) of the assay with other three β-agonists (clenbuterol, phenylethanolamine A, and ractopamine), showing high specificity of the assay. Spiking experiments indicated that the average recoveries (n = 3) of SAL from swine feed, meat, and urine samples were in ranges of 98.4–105.2 % with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 1.7–7.8 %. The results demonstrated that the proposed ICT was a feasible method for ultrasensitive and specific detection SAL in swine feed, meat and urine samples, and could be extended for the detection of other target analytes.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, contact No. 21075087 and 21175097) and a Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions for financial support of this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Key Lab of Health Chemistry & Molecular Diagnosis of Suzhou, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Soochow University, Renai Road 199, Suzhou, 215123, China

    Xiang Zhang, Yanxin Chu, Kang Zhao, Jianguo Li, Haijing Du, Pei She & Anping Deng

  2. College of Pharmacy Sciences, Soochow University, Renai Road 199, Suzhou, 215123, China

    Hong Yang

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  1. Xiang Zhang
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  2. Yanxin Chu
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  3. Hong Yang
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  4. Kang Zhao
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  5. Jianguo Li
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  6. Haijing Du
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  7. Pei She
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  8. Anping Deng
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jianguo Li or Anping Deng.

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The authors have read and complied with the statement of ethical standards for manuscripts submitted to Food Analytical Methods. All the authors listed have approved the submission: Xiang Zhang declares that he has no conflict of interest. Yanxin Chu declares that he has no conflict of interest. Hong Yang declares that she has no conflict of interest. Kang Zhao declares that he has no conflict of interest. Jianguo Li declares that he has no conflict of interest. Haijing Du declares that she has no conflict of interest. Pei She declares that she has no conflict of interest. Anping Deng declares that he has no conflict of interest.

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Zhang, X., Chu, Y., Yang, H. et al. Ultrasensitive and Specific Detection of Salbutamol in Swine Feed, Meat, and Urine Samples by a Competitive Immunochromatographic Test Integrated with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. Food Anal. Methods 9, 3396–3406 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-016-0533-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-016-0533-3

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