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The ABCs of Trait Anger, Psychological Distress, and Disease Severity in HIV

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Annals of Behavioral Medicine

Abstract

Background

Trait anger consists of affective, behavioral, and cognitive (ABC) dimensions and may increase vulnerability for interpersonal conflict, diminished social support, and greater psychological distress. The concurrent influence of anger and psychosocial dysfunction on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) disease severity is unknown.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine plausible psychosocial avenues (e.g., coping, social support, psychological distress), whereby trait anger may indirectly influence HIV disease status.

Methods

Three hundred seventy-seven HIV seropositive adults, aged 18–55 years (58 % AIDS-defined), completed a battery of psychosocial surveys and provided a fasting blood sample for HIV-1 viral load and T lymphocyte count assay.

Results

A second-order factor model confirmed higher levels of the multidimensional anger trait, which was directly associated with elevated psychological distress and avoidant coping (p < .001) and indirectly associated with greater HIV disease severity (p < .01) (comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.90, root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.06, standardized root-mean-square residual (SRMR) = 0.06).

Conclusion

The model supports a role for the ABC components of anger, which may negatively influence immune function through various psychosocial mechanisms; however, longitudinal study is needed to elucidate these effects.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the following training and research grants: T32 MH018917, R01 HL072712, and P30 NIAID1073961.

Authors’ Statement of Conflict of Interest and Adherence to Ethical Standards

Authors Roger C. McIntosh, Barry E. Hurwitz, Michael Antoni, Alex Gonzalez, Julia Seay, and Neil Schneiderman declare that they have no conflict of interest. All procedures, including the informed consent process, were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA

    Roger C. McIntosh Ph.D., Barry E. Hurwitz Ph.D., Michael Antoni Ph.D., Julia Seay M.S. & Neil Schneiderman Ph.D.

  2. Behavioral Medicine Research Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA

    Roger C. McIntosh Ph.D., Barry E. Hurwitz Ph.D., Michael Antoni Ph.D., Alex Gonzalez B.A. & Neil Schneiderman Ph.D.

  3. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA

    Barry E. Hurwitz Ph.D.

  4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, 33124, USA

    Barry E. Hurwitz Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Roger C. McIntosh Ph.D.
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  2. Barry E. Hurwitz Ph.D.
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  3. Michael Antoni Ph.D.
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  4. Alex Gonzalez B.A.
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  5. Julia Seay M.S.
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  6. Neil Schneiderman Ph.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Roger C. McIntosh Ph.D..

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McIntosh, R.C., Hurwitz, B.E., Antoni, M. et al. The ABCs of Trait Anger, Psychological Distress, and Disease Severity in HIV. ann. behav. med. 49, 420–433 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-014-9667-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-014-9667-y

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